More acid/base homeostatis
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| Chemical substances that donate hydrogen ion (H+) | Acids
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| Chemical substances that accept hydrogen ion (H+) | Bases
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| a measurement of the concentration of free ions in the body | pH
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| Produced during exercise | lactic acid
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| When H+ increases, acidity increases, pH | decreases
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| When H+ decreases, acidity decreases, pH | increases
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| Because there is more ______ _______, the pH of venous blood is slightly lower than arterial blood | carbonic acid
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| The lower the pH, the more | acid is present
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| pH of arterial blood | 7.35-7.45
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| pH of venous blood | 7.35
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| Interstitial fluid pH | 7.35
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| pH of the stomach | 1.2-3.0
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| The pH often increases after eating a large meal due to | the buffering effect of the food
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| The pH of the small intestine is slightly basic because of | The presence of bicarbonate ions
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| Based on diet and metabolic state, the pH of urine varies from | 4.5-8.0
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| During acid-base homeostasis the pH of arterial blood is | 7.35-7.45
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| strong acids release all of their H+ in water such as | HCl
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| The stomach contains an aquaeous solution of HCl and is the only example of a _________ _______ in the body | strong acid
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| Acids that release all of their H+ when dissolved in water | strong acids
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| a weak acid | H2CO3 = carbonic acid
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| When a weak acid is added to water it does not completely | dissociate (ie carbonic acid pH=4.5)
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| dissociates | The separation of acids, bases, and salts, when dissolved in water
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| Another weak acid released during exercise, but is a stronger weak acid than Carbonic acid | lactic acid = pH 2.5
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| pH of HCl | 1.0
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| Basic solutions are sometimes called | Alkalines
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| While there are both strong and weak bases, only _______bases are found in the body | weak bases
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| When water molecules lose H+, OH- (hydroxide) remains, which increases the | pH
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