Main themes of Microbiology
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| Microbiology is | the study of organisms too small to be seen without magnification
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| Microorganisms include: | bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, helminths (worms), and algae
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| Branches of study within Microbiology | Immunology,Public health microbiology and epidemiology,Genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology, Food, dairy and aquatic microbiology,Biotechnology,
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| Microbes are Involved in | Nutrient production and energy flow, Decomposition,Biotechnology( production of foods, drugs and vaccines), Genetic engineering,Infectious disease ,Bioremediation
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| How many different microbes cause diseases? | Nearly 2,000 different microbes cause diseases.
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| How many new infections are there per year worldwide? | 10 B new infections/year worldwide
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| How many deaths are there each year worldwide due to infectious diseases? | 13 M deaths from infections/year worldwide
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| procaryotes are | microscopic, unicellular organisms, lack nuclei and membrane-bound organelles
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| eucaryotes are | unicellular (microscopic) and multicellular, nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
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| heat resistant forms of some microbes | endospores
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| requires the elimination of all life forms including endospores and viruses | Sterility
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| aseptic techniques reducing microbes in medical settings to prevent infections | disinfection of hands using chemicals prior to surgery, use of heat for sterilization
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| Demonstrated what is now known as Germ Theory of Disease ,Developed a rabies vaccine | Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)
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| True bacteria have | peptidoglycan
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| Immunology | The study of the system of body defenses that protect against infection.
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| Pathogen | Any agent that causes disease.
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| Parasite | An organism that lives on or within another organism (the host), from which it obtains nutrients and enjoys protection. The parasite produces some degree of harm in the host.
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| Host | Organism in which smaller organisms or viruses live, feed and reproduce.
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| Sterile | Any process that completely removes or destroys all viable microorganisms, including viruses, from an object or habitat.
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| Methods of handling microbial cultures, patient specimens, and other sources of microbes in a way that prevents infection of the handler and others who may be exposed. | Aseptic techniques
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| Germ Theory of Disease | A theory first orginating in the 1800s which proposed that microorganisms can be the cause of diseases.
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