Waveforms representation of cardiac function and artifacts
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P wave | Atrial depolarization/contraction (see slides)
🗑
|
||||
| QRS Complex | Ventricular depolarization/contraction (see slides)
🗑
|
||||
| T wave | Ventricular repolarization (see slides)
🗑
|
||||
| Jagged peaks of irregular height and spacing with a shifting baseline | Somatic (muscular) tremor - ask patient to lie still, if shivering get a blanket, etc (see slides)
🗑
|
||||
| Series of uniform spikes | AC interference - make sure lead wires are not crossed, use three prong outlet; unplug electrical appliances; turn off fluorescent lights (see slides)
🗑
|
||||
| Stylus of ECG machine moves violently up and down on the paper and into the margin | Interrupted Baseline - Check lead wire cables and connecting tips; check to see if an electrode has come loose or off.
🗑
|
||||
| Stylus moves in wavelike pattern up or down from base line | Wandering baseline - patient may be moving; electrode may be loose; electrode may be on bone rather than soft tissue/intercostal spaces. (see slides)
🗑
|
||||
| Extra P waves | atrial arrhythmias
🗑
|
||||
| Bradycardia | < 60 bpm
🗑
|
||||
| Tachycardia | > 100 bpm
🗑
|
||||
| Atrial flutter | 200-350 bpm (see slides)
🗑
|
||||
| PVC - premature ventricular contraction | Irratic large waveform (see PVC slide)
🗑
|
||||
| Time expressed on a large square of the ECG paper | 0.2 seconds (See ECG paper slide)
🗑
|
||||
| Time expressed on a small square of the ECG paper | 0.04 seconds (See ECG paper slide)
🗑
|
||||
| Height measurement expressed on a large square of the ECG paper | 5 mm (See ECG paper slide)
🗑
|
||||
| Height measurement expressed on a small square of the ECG paper | 1 mm (See ECG paper slide)
🗑
|
||||
| PR interval | contraction traversing the AV node
🗑
|
||||
| ST segment | time interval between ventricular contraction and the beginning of ventricular recovery
🗑
|
||||
| U wave (not always present) | Associated with further ventricular relaxation
🗑
|
||||
| Baseline | Heart at rest
🗑
|
||||
| QT interval | Time interval between the beginning of ventricular contraction and the subsiding of ventricular contraction
🗑
|
||||
| Precordial Leads | V1, V2,V3,V4,V5,V6
🗑
|
||||
| What skin prep may be necessary while hooking up the patient for ECG? | Cleanse skin with alcohol pad and/or gauze sponge. Clip or shave away hair.
🗑
|
||||
| Color coding of ECG lead wires | Right leg: Green
Left leg: Red
Right arm: White
Left arm: Black
V1: Red
V2: Yellow
V3: Green
V4: Blue
V5: Orange
V6: Purple
🗑
|
||||
| P wave normal duration | 0.06-0.11 seconds
🗑
|
||||
| PR interval normal duration | 0.12-0.20 seconts
🗑
|
||||
| QRS complex normal duration | 0.08-0.12 seconds
🗑
|
||||
| ST segment normal location | on baseline (isoelectric line)
🗑
|
||||
| T wave normal amplitude | less than or equal to 5 mm in Leads I, II, III; less than or equal to 10 mm in V1-V6
🗑
|
||||
| QT interval normal duration | Should not be more than half the RR interval if patient has a regular rhythm
🗑
|
||||
| V-fib (ventricular fibrillation) | complete loss of synchronization of conduction system. Erratic deflections on the ECG (can be either coarse or fine)
🗑
|
||||
| Asystole | < 5 beats/min; death imminent; flatline
🗑
|
||||
| Biochemical arrhythmias | Digitalis Toxicity - swooping ST segment depression and/or extended PR intervals.
Hypokalemia - Low potassium shows prominent U waves, T wave and U wave look like two-hump camel.
Hyperkalemia - High K shows peaked T wave (can be as tall as R) wide forms
🗑
|
||||
| SA Node (sinoatrial) | Found in right ventrical, known as pacemaker of the heart. Intrinsic rate of 60-80 bpm
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
cskinner
Popular Medical sets