Bob Jones Life Science - Chapter 4
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| cell membrane | The membrane that surrounds all the cytoplasm of a cell.
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| selectively permeable | Allowing only certain molecules to pass through.
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| passive transport | The passage of substances across a membrane without the use of cellular energy.
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| diffusion | The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; a form of passive transport.
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| osmosis | The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
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| active transport | The passage of particles through a membrane, requiring the use of cellular energy.
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| cell wall | A rigid structure manufactured by certain organisms and secreted to the exterior of the cell membrane; plants, fungi, and bacteria have cell walls.
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| organelle | The parts of a cell that perform many of the functions needed to keep the cell alive.
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| mitochondria | The cellular organelles in which aerobic respiration occurs to release usable energy from food.
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| endoplasmic reticulum | A cellular organelle consisting of a network of membranes; enables substances to be transported throughout the cell.
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| ribosome | A cellular organelle that directs the assembling of proteins.
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| Golgi apparatus | A cellular organelle that collects chemicals from the cytoplasm, processes them, and secretes them.
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| vacuole | A membrane-bound sac that contains various substances, including water and wastes, within a cell.
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| lysosome | An organelle that contains digestive enzymes.
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| chloroplast | A cellular organelle that contains chlorophyll and other pigments; the organelle in which photosynthesis occurs.
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| cilia | Short hairlike extensions from a cell membrane; aid in movement.
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| flagella | Long hairlike extensions from a cell membrane; aid in movement.
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| nucleus | The cellular organelle that contains the chromosomes; control center of the cell.
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| chromosome | A strand of DNA with associated proteins; usually found in the nucleus of a cell; the basis of heredity.
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