Circulation and Lymph Study Guide
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| Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrom | AID's caused by HIV
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| Adenoids | paired lymphoid structures in the nasopharynx
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| Aneurysm | abnormal widening of the arterial wall
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| Arteries | vessel carrying blood away from the heart
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| Arterioles | small branch of an artery
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| Artificial Active Immunity | intentional exposure to the causative agent, such as an vaccination, by individual's own immune system responds to a harmful agent
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| Autoimmune Condition | process in which a person's immune system attacks the person's own body tissue
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| Blood flow through the vessels | aorta-arteries(to tissues and organ)-arterioles-capillaries(out of organ cap beds by venules to veins to inf/sup vena cava)-right atruim-right ventricle-pulmonary artery-lung arterioles-capillaries-lung venules-4 pulmonary veins-left atrium-left ventricle
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| Capillaries | tiny vessels that connect to arterioles and venules
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| Causes of decreased blood pressure | blood loss (hemorrhage) diuretics- drugs that promote water loss by increasing urine output to treat hypertension decrease in heart output decrease in heart rate low blood viscosity relaxed muscles of blood vessel wall
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| Cisterna Chyli | an enlarged pouch on the thoracic duct that serves as a storage area for lymph moving toward it's point of entry into the venous system
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| Complement Cascade | rapid-fire series of chemical reactions involving proteins called complements triggered by certain antibody-agtigen reactions and resulting in the formation of tiny protein rings that create holes in a foreign cell thus cause it's destruction
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| Contact Dermatitis | a local skin inflammation that lasts a few hours or days and is initiated by the skin being exposed to an antigen
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| Ductus Arteriosus | connects the aorta and the pulmonary artery, allowing most blood to bypass the fetus's developing lungs
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| Ductus Venosus | a continuation of the umbilical vein that shunts blood returning from the placenta past the fetus's developing liver directly into the inferior vena cava
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| Elephantiasis | extreme lymphedema in the limbs caused by a parasitic worm infestation
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| Foramen Ovale | shunts blood from the right atrium directly into the left atrium allowing most blod to bypass the baby's developing lungs
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| Gangrene | tissue death that involves decay of tissue
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| Hepatic Portal Circulation | the route of blood flow through the liver
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| Hodgkin Disease | typer of lymphoma characterized by painless swelling of lymph nodes in the neck, progressing to other regions
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| Hypertension Risk Factors | high stress levels obesity calcium deficiencies high levels of alcohol and caffine intake smoking lack of exercise
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| Ischemia | reduced flow of blood to tissue resulting in impairment of cell function
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| Isoimmunity | immune response to antigens of another human
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| Lacteals | a lymphatic vessel located in each villus of the intesine, serves to absorb fat materials from the chyme passing thorugh the small intestine
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| Lymph node/Function | performs biological filtration of lymph on its way to the circulatory system
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| Lymphadenitis | inflammation of a lypmh node, usually caused by a bacterial infection or occasionally a neoplasm and characterized by swelling and tenderness
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| Lymphangitis | inflammation of lypmh vessels, usually caused by a infection characterized by fine red streaks extending from the site of infection; may progress to septicemia
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| Natural Active Immunity | exposure to the causative agent is not deliberat by individual's own immune system responds to harmful agents
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| Natural Passive Immunity | exposure to the causative agent is not deliberate, immunity developed in an other individual or animal and transferred
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| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | type of lymphoma characterized by swelling of lymph nodes and progressing to other areas
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| Pharyngeal Tonsils | adenoids, paired lymphoid structures in the nasopharynx
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| Phelbitis | inflammation of a vein
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| Pulse Locations | superficial temporal artery facial artery carotid artery brachial artery radial artery femoral artery popliteal (posterior to knee) [posterior tibial dorsalis pedis
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| Right Lymphatic Duct | 25% of body drains to it lymph from the right upper extremity and from right side of the head, neck, and upper torso flow into it
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| Spleen | largest lymphoid organ; filters blood, destorys worn-out red blood cells, salvages iron from hemoglobin, and serves as blood reservoir
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| Stroke | results from ischemia of brain tissue caused by an embolism or ruptured aneurysm
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| Structure that carries oxygen rich blood form the mother to the body | placenta
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| Structure/Veins | tunic externa-connective tissue fibers(outer most layer) tunica media- smooth muscle tissue(middle layer) tunica intima- endothelial cells(inner layer)
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| Systemic circulation starts | left ventricle
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| T-Lymphocytes | cells that are critical to the function of the immune system, produce cell-mediated immunity
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| Thoracic Duct | largest lymphatic vessel in the body
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| Thymus | small lymphoid tissue organ located in the mediastinum, extending upward in the midline of the neck
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| Types of Shock & Possible Causes | Cardigenic shock-any heart failure Hypovolemic shock-loss of blood volume in blood vessels Neurogenic shock-widespread dilation of blood vessel Anaphylatic shock-acute allergic reaction Septic shock-complications of septicemia
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| Urticaria | an allergic or hypersensitivity response characterized by raised red lesions (hives)
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| Varicous Vein | enlarged vein in which blood pools
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| Venules | small blood vessels that collect blood from the capillaries and join to form veins
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