Earth Science
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Eon | measured in billions of years, is the longest time unit of the geologic time scale
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| Era | defined by the differences in life-forms found in rock and measured in hundreds of millions to billions of years, is the second-longest span of time on the geologic time scale
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| Period | measured in tens of millions of years before present. are defined by the life-forms that were abundant or became extinct during the time in which specific rocks were deposited
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| Epochs | smaller divisions of geologic time and are usually measured in millions of years to tens of millions of years
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| Relative dating | estimating the dates of rocks and fossils according to the other rocks and fossils around it
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| Absolute dating | Determining the age of rocks and fossils by doing tests to get the exact age
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| Uniformitarianism | states that processes that have been occurring today such as weathering and mountain building have been occurring since the Earth formed
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| Methods for relative dating: | 1.Law of Superposition
2.Cross-cutting relationships
3.Unconformity
4.Correlation
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| Law of Superposition | In a rock sequence, the oldest rocks are located at the bottom and the youngest are at the top
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| Cross-cutting relationships | states that an intrusion or a fault is younger than the rock it cuts across
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| Unconformity | is a gap in the rock record usually caused by an erosional surface becoming buried by the deposition of younger rocks
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| Correlation | the matching of outcrops of one geographic region to another
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| Absolute dating methods | 1.Radioactive Decay
2.Radiometric Dating
3.Half-life
4.Tree Rings
5.Seasonal Climatic Changes
6.Distinctive Sediment Layers
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| Fossils | Evidence of once living material
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| Altered hard parts | When the Hard parts of an organism have been removed and replaced with minerals
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| Molds | the impression that organisms leave in rocks
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| Casts | when molds are filled in with minerals
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| Index fossil | the remains of a plant or animal that can be used to correlate rock layers or to date particular rock layers
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| Trace fossils | Indirect evidence of plant and animal life
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Created by:
elarocco
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