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GCSE 3. Industry

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Question
Answer
Inputs   Factors that go into a system  
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Processes   The stages in a production of a good  
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Outputs   Something which comes out of a system  
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Natural resources   Any part of the natural environment which is useful to people  
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Primary industry   An economic activity which involves the extraction or production of raw materials eg farming  
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Raw materials   The natural substances needed by a business to make a product  
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Subsistence farming   The type of farming where people rely on the food they grow for themselves  
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Manufacturing   The production of goods on a large scale in FACTORIES  
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Secondary Industry   An economic activity in which raw materials are processed and component parts are assembled to make finished products  
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Services   Organistations or infrastructures which help the general public;can be personal such as tourism and health care or professional such as banking and lawyers  
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Tertiary industry   An economic activity which generates wealth by providing a service to the public  
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Quaternary   An economic activity which involves research and development of new products and technology  
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Capital Intensive   Economic Activities with heavy investment in plant, machinery, energy inputs etc per unit area of per employee  
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Employment Structure   How the workforce are divided between the four types of industry. In LEDCs, many people may be in the primary sector  
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Industrial REvolution   A rapid development of industry the occured during the 18th and 19th centuries in Britain  
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Labour Intesive   An economic activity which requires a lot of work to be done by people or by hand  
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De-Industrialisation   The long and steep decline of a country's or a region's industrial base. (1960-80 in the UK)  
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Heavy Industry   The traditional manufacture of large, heavy products such as steel or ships. Often associated with pollution and the growth of cities in the Industrial Revolution  
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Diversification   A region will try to stop the concentration of jobs in a few indsutries and broaden jobs available  
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Re industrialisation   The establishment of new industries into an area which has seen considerable decline of traditional industries  
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Labour   Another term for the workforce, MEDCs tend to have more skilled employees  
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LOcational factors   Aspects managers have to consider when locating a factory  
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Greenfield site   Footloose industries prefer an attractive environment so opt for these newer sites  
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Accesibility   Good sites have access to motorway junctions and airports  
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Footloose Industries   Light or high tech industries which have freedom to choose where to locate as they use lighter raw materials  
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Communications   Means of connection between people or places includes transport routes as well as media  
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Market   The place where goods and services are sold. This will be larger in MEDCs  
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Energy   The power used to provide heat and light and to work machines  
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Brownfield sites   Traditional industry was in the Inner City; many of these derelict sites are now available for redevelopment - but this may be expensive  
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Government incentives   The package offered by UK government or EU to attract businesses to deprived areas or 'Assisted areas' eg South Wales  
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Enterprise Zones   A small area of the UK in which businesses can receive financial help from the government - usually on an 'Assisted area'  
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Industrial estate   An area planned especially for industrial development with space and good transport links - eg. Sowton  
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Multiplier effect   Growth in one business can help or regenerate growth in all aspects of a local economy. Governments aim for this with incentives. Also called 'Cumulative Causation'.  
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