Chabner, Language of Medicine 8th Edition, Chpt 17 Sense Organs: The Eye and Ear
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| cornea | fibrous layers of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eye and is continuous with the white of the eye
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| macula lutea | yellowish region in the retina;contains the fovea centralis
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| lens | eye structure is transparent, biconvex, and focuses light on the retina
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| optic chiasma | where optic nerve fibers cross in the brain
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| accomodation | adjustment of the lens by the ciliary body
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| cones | photosensitive receptor cells of the retina; make the perception of color possible
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| kerat/o | combining form for cornea
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| cycl/o | combining form for the ciliary body
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| eyelid | combining form: palpebr/o
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| conjunctivitis | an eye inflammation commonly called "pinkeye"
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| presbyopia | impairment of vision due to old age
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| myopia | nearsightedness
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| astigmatism | defective curvature of the cornea or lens
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| tonometry | glaucoma is primarily diagosed with this procedure
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| scotoma | a blind spot; area of depressed vision surrounded by an area of normal vision
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| macular degeneration | produces loss of central vision
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| chalazion | small hard mass on the eyelid; formed from a sebaceous gland enlargement
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| cochlea | snail-shaped, spirally wound tube in the inner ear
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| eustachian tube | channel between the middle ear and the nasopharynx
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| myring/o | combining form for tympanic membrane
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| suppurative otitis media | bacterial infection of the middle ear
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| tinnitus | ringing sound in ears
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| otoscopy | visual examination of the ear
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| presbycusis | nerve deafnes occuring with aging
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| otomycosis | fungal infection of the ear
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| choroid | vascualr layer of the eyeball that is continuous with the iris
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| conjunctiva | delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the anterior eyeball
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| iris | colored portion of the eye; surrounds the pupil
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| pupil | dark center of the eye through which light rays enter
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| sclera | tough white outer coat of the eyeball
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| ciliary body | contains muscles that control the shape of the lens and secrete aqueous humor
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| lens | transparent body behind the iris and in front of the vitreous humor; refracts light rays to bring them into focus on the retina
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| retina | contains sensitive cells (rods & cones) that transmit light energy to nervous impulses
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| vitreous humor | jelly-like material behind the lens; helps to maintain the shape of the eyeball
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| aphakia | absence of the lens of the eye
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| esotropia | inward deviation of the eye
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| hemianopsia | absence of vision in half of the visual field
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| uveitis | inflammation of the vascualr layer of the eye
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| exotropia | outward deviation of the eye
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| xerophthalmia | condition of dry eyes
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| cataract | clouding of the lens causes decreased vision
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| glaucoma | increased intraocular pressure results in retinal and optic nerve damage
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| macular degeneration | deterioration of the macula lutea of the retina
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| diabetic retinopathy | retinal microaneurysms, hemorrhages occur secondary to an endocrine condition
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| hordeolum (stye) | localized purulent infection of a sebaceous gland in the eyelid
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| strabismus | abnormal deviations of the eye
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