Common Diagnostic Procedures of the Female Reproductive System
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| amniocentesis | needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw fluid for testing
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| breast aspiration biopsy | a needle is used to withdraw fluid or tissues for microscopic examination
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| cervical biopsy | sample of cervical tissue for examination
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| colposcopy | use of a scope to visualize the cervix
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| Doppler ultrasound | instrument placed externally over the uterus to obtain a fetal heartbeat
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| endometrial biopsy | sample of tissues from the inner lining of the uterus for examination
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| endovaginal ultrasound | sound probe is inserted into the vaginal to obtain sharper images from the soundwaves
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| fetal monitoring | electrical equipment placed externally on the uterus during labor to assess the strength and heart rate of the fetus
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| fetoscopy | lighted instrument inserted through the abdomen and uterus into the amniotic sac to view the fetus
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| hysterosalpingography | injecting radiopaque dye into the uterus and oviducts and xraying
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| hysteroscopy | using and endoscope to view the uterus
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| laparoscopy | use of a laparoscope inserted in the abdomen to view the reproductive organs
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| laparotomy | surgical incision into the abdomen to view the reproductive organs
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| mammography | breast xrays
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| papanicolaou smear (PAP) | scraping of cells from the cervix for examination under a microscope
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| pelvic examination | physical examination of the reproductive organs by palpation through the vagina and rectum and visual examination using a speculum
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| pelvic ultrasonography | ultrasound wave images of the uterus, ovaries, or fetus
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| pelvimetry | measurement of the pelvic area to determine if a vaginal delivery is possible
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