DSST World Religions
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| Abraham | founder of Judaism, had a promise with God | ||||
| Angel | In the Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, and Islamic traditions, an invisible servant of God. | ||||
| Anti | Semitism | ||||
| Apocalypse | In Judaism and Christianity, the dramatic end of the present age. | ||||
| Ark of the Covenant | In Judaism, the shrine containing God’s commandments to Moses | ||||
| Ashkenazim | Jews who lived in Europe, especially Eastern Europe | ||||
| Bar Mitzvah | The coming-of-age ceremony for a Jewish boy. | ||||
| Bat Mitzvah | The coming-of-age ceremony for a Jewish girl in some modern congregations. | ||||
| Berith | "Covenant" Agreement or contract with God. | ||||
| Chanukah (Hanukkah) | Jewish festival that celebrates the rededicating of the Temply by Judas Maccabaeus in 165 BC | ||||
| Covenant | a binding agreement between god and the Israelites | ||||
| Deborah | a judge who won honor and respect | ||||
| Diaspora | Scattering of the Jewish people from their homeland which began with the Assyrian destruction of Israel in 721 BC. | ||||
| Essenes | Monastic Jews who were living communally, apart from the world, about the time of Jesus. | ||||
| Gemara | Commentary on the Mishnah compiled from the rabbinic academies of Palestine and Babylon. | ||||
| Gentile | Any person who is not of Jewish faith or origin | ||||
| Geonim | In Judaism, the administrators of the two great rabbinic academies in medieval Babylon. | ||||
| Ghetto | An urban area occupied by those rejected by a society, such as quarters for Jews in some European cities. | ||||
| Haggadah | Literally, “narrative”; history, folklore, and sermons in the Talmud | ||||
| Halakha | Jewish legal decisions and the parts of the Talmud dealing with laws | ||||
| Hasidism | Ecstatic Jewish piety, dating from 18th century Poland | ||||
| Hasidism | Ecstatic Jewish piety, dating from eighteenth-century Poland | ||||
| Holocaust | The genocidal killing of six million Jews by the Nazis during World War II | ||||
| Kabbalah (cabala) | The Jewish mystical tradition | ||||
| Karaites | Medieval Jewish group that denied the authority of the Talmud and tried to live exclusively by the rules of the Hebrew Bible | ||||
| Kosher | That which is ritually clean or acceptable in Judaism; usually applied to food or food preparation | ||||
| Liturgy | In Christianity and Judaism, the rites of public worship | ||||
| Messiah | The "anointed," the expected king and deliverer of the Jews; a term later applied by Christians to Jesus | ||||
| Midrash | The literature of delving into the Torah | ||||
| Mikva | A deep bath for ritual cleansing in Judaism | ||||
| Minyan | The quorum of ten adult males required for Jewish communal worship | ||||
| Mishnah | Hebrew summary of the oral law arranged by topic, inherited from Pharisaism but attributed to Moses. Authority parallels the written Torah | ||||
| Mitzvah | In Judaism, a divine commandment or sacred deed in fulfillment of a commandment. | ||||
| Orthodox | Adhering to the established tradition of a religion | ||||
| Passover | The Spring festival that commemorates the exodus of the Jews from Egypt | ||||
| Pentateuch | The five books of Moses at the beginning of the Hebrew Bible | ||||
| Pharisees | Most popular Jewish sect representing the middle class. Interpreted scripture broadly but still legalistic. | ||||
| Pogrom | An attack against Jews | ||||
| Purim | Jewish holiday that celebrates the deliverance of the Jews from destruction at the hands of the Persians | ||||
| Rabbi | Historically, a Jewish teacher; at present, the ordained spiritual leader of a Jewish congregation | ||||
| Rosh Hashanah | The Jewish New Year | ||||
| Sabbath | Day of rest held on Saturday. A day for prayer and public assembly. | ||||
| Sadducees | Jewish aristocracy and priestly party that embraced Hellenization, read laws literally, and denied life after death. | ||||
| Seder | Ceremonial Jewish meal in remembrance of the Passover | ||||
| Sephardim | Jews who fled from Spain and Portugal and took refuge in the Ottoman Empire | ||||
| Shavuot | “Feast of Weeks”; Jewish holiday in remembrance of the giving of the Ten Commandments | ||||
| Shekhinah | God’s presence in the world, in Judaism | ||||
| Shema | Deuteronomy 6:4, “Hear O Israel: The Lord our God is one Lord; and you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your might.” | ||||
| Sheol | An underground pit or place of weakness and estrangement from God, where one goes after death. | ||||
| Sukkot | Jewish autumn festival of thanksgiving | ||||
| Synagogue | Literally, “assembly”; the meeting of Jews for study and prayer | ||||
| T’fillin | A small leather box with verses about God's covenant with the Jewish people, bound to the forehead and arm | ||||
| Talmud | Jewish law and lore, as finally compiled in the sixth century CE | ||||
| Tanakh | The Jewish scriptures | ||||
| Torah | Specifically the first five books of the Bible but also used generally to denote the entire Hebrew Bible or religious law. | ||||
| Tzaddik | An enlightened Jewish mystic | ||||
| Yarmulke | Skull cap worn by Jewish males at worship | ||||
| YHWH (Yahweh) | The God who revealed himself to Moses and became the God of the Israelites | ||||
| Yiddish | The language of Askhenazi Jews. Essentially, it is Middle High German written in the Hebrew alphabet | ||||
| Yom Kippur | The most solemn day of the Jewish calendar also known as the Day of Atonement | ||||
| Zealots | Jewish political revolutionaries who rejected Roman authority sometimes forcefully. | ||||
| Zionism | Movement founded in the late 19th century by Herzl which sought to find a national home for the Jews scattered throughout the world |
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Created by:
pinetreeacademy
on 2012-02-29