LOM 2nd Trimester Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Pulmonary Vein | Carries oxygenated blood towards the heart from the lungs
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| Pulmonary Artery | Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
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| Aorta | largest artery in the body
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| Pericardium | saclike membrane surrounding the heart
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| Endocardium | a smooth layer of endothelial cells, lines the interior of the heart
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| Cardiomegaly | enlarged heart
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| Cardiomyopathy | Disease of heart muscle
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| Endocarditis | inflammation of the interior lining of the heart
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| Bundle of His | specialized muscle fibers that receives the electrical impulse from the atrioventricular node (AV).
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| Phlebitis | inflammation of a vein
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| Atherosclerosis | accumulation of fatty plaque in an artery (narrowing of an artery)
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| Cyanosis | bluish discoloration of the skin
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| Jaundice | yellowish discoloration of the skin
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| Deep-vein thrombosis | blood clot forms in a large lower limb vessel
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| aortic stenosis | narrowing of the aorta
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| Mitral Valve Prolapse | Improper closure of the mitral valve
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| Endarterectomy | removal of plaque from the inner lining of an artery
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| Ventriculotomy | Surgical cut into the Ventricle
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| Aneurysmectomy | removal of a vessel that has an aneurysm.
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| Dermis | middle layer of the skin, contains collagen fibers, hair follicles, sebaceous glands and sweat glands
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| epidermis | top layer of the skin
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| subcutaneous tissue | lies under the dermis, fat layer (adipocytes), contains blood vessels
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| Cutane/o | combining form for skin
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| Dermat/o | combining form for skin
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| Derm/o | combing form for skin
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| Adip/o | combining form for fat
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| Trichomycosis | fungal infection of the hair
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| wheal | hive; smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin
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| Macule | Flat lesion measuring less that 1cm in diameter (freckles)
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| Ulcer | Open sore on the skin or mucous membranes (deeper than an erosion).
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| pruritus | itching
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| Alopecia | absence of hair from areas where it normally grows
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| Petechiae | small pinpoint hemorrhage (hickie)
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| Leukoplakia | white patches on a mucous membrane of tongue or cheek
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| Psoriasis | Chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales
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| Tinea | Infection of the skin caused by a fungus (ring worm, athlete's foot)
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| Bones of the face | Mandible, vomer, maxilla and zygomatic bones
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| Bones of the skull | Parietal, frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, temporal and occipital
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| Humeral | pertaining to the upper arm bone
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| Tibial | pertaining to the Larger lower leg bone
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| Radial | pertaining to the larger forearm bone (towards thumb)
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| Ulnar | pertaining to the smaller forearm bone (towards pinky)
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| Osteomyelitis | inflammation of bone and bone marrow
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| Multiple myeloma | many tumors of the bone marrow
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| Osteoporosis | decrease in bone density(mass); thinning and weakening of bone
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| Arthroplasty | surgical repair of the joint
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| Tenorraphy | suture (stitches) of the tendon
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| Achondroplasia | inherited condition in which the bones of the arms and legs fail to grow to normal size because of a defect in cartilage and bone formation (Dwarfism)
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| Atrophy | Wasting away (no development) of muscle
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| Hypertrophy | excessive growth of muscle
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| Myalgia | pain of the muscles
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| Polymyalgia | pain of many muscles
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| arthritis | inflammation of the joint
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| osteomalacia | softening of the bone
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| glomerular | pertaining to the small balls of capillaries in the kidney
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| ureter | tube leading from the kidney to the bladder
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| Renal pelvis | collecting chamber in the kidney
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| Anuria | no urine production
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| Oligouria | scanty urination (small amount of urine production)
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| Nocturia | urination in the middle of the night
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| Polyuria | "many urines" excessive urination
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| pyuria | pus in the urine
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| ureterocele | hernia of the tube connecting the kidney to the urinary bladder
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| Urethrostomy | creation of an opening to the outside of the body from the urethra
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| Ureteroileostomy | New opening of the ureters to a segment of ileum (in place of the bladder)
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| Urinary incontinence | unable to hold urine (leakage)
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| Urinary retention | urine is held in the bladder even after urination
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| Nephrosclerosis | hardening of blood vessels in the kidney
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| Nephroptosis | prolapse of the kidney
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| Lithotripsy | Shock waves to crush urinary tract stones
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| Urinary Catheterization | Passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder
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| Mediastinum | space between the lungs in the chest
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| Peritoneum | lining (membrane) surrounding the organs of the peritoneum (abdomen)
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| Trachea | windpipe
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| Pharyngectomy | removal of the throat
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| laryngectomy | removal of the voicebox
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| Esophagectomy | removal of the esophagus
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| hypoxemia | medical term for the condition of decreased oxygen in the blood
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| Paroxysmal | pertaining to a sudden occurrence, such as a spasm, or seizure, used to describe asthma symptoms
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| Hemoptysis | spitting up blood
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| dyspnea | difficulty breathing
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| Tachypnea | fast breathing
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| anosmia | without smell
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| Atelectasis | collapsed lung
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| Pneumonitis | inflammation of the lung
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| Endotracheal | pertaining to the mouth, pharynx, larynx, and trachea
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| Endotracheal intubation | placing a tube through the mouth to the trachea to establish an airway
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| Thoracentesis | surgical puncture into the chest (Thorax)
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| Tracheostomy | creation of a surgical opening into the trachea
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| Tracheotomy | incision (cut) of the windpipe
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| COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases - Airway obstruction associated with emphysema and chronic bronchitis
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| rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose
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| rhinorrhea | runny nose
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| epistaxis | bloody nose
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| rhinitis | inflammation of the nose
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| Hypertension | high blood pressure
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| Pericarditis | inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart
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| aneurysm | local widening of an arterial wall (could result in rupture)
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| Varicose Viens | Abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs
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| murmur | extra heart sound heard between normal beats
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| vasoconstriction | narrowing of a vessel
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| vasodilation | increase in diameter of a vessel
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| cyst | thick-walled, closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material
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| crust | collection of dried serum and cellular debris
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| wheal | smooth edematous area that is redder and paler than surrounding skin
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| fissure | groove or crack-like sore
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| pustule | papule containing pus
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| vesicle | small collection of clear fluid (blister)
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| flexion | bending a limb
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| extension | extending a limb
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| abduction | movement away from midline of the body
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| adduction | movement toward the midline of the body
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| rotation | circular movement around an axis
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| supination | turning palm up
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| pronation | turning palm down
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| hematuria | blood in urine
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| glycosuria | sugar in the urine
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| pyuria | pus in the urine
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| diabetes insipidus | Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect
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| diabetes mellitus | insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body
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| dialysis | process of separating nitrogenous waste material from the blood using a dialysis machine (kidney failure)
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| bilirubinuria | bilirubin in the urine
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| atria | upper chambers of the heart
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| ventricles | lower chambers of the heart
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| vena cava | largest vein in the body
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| capillaries | smallest vessels in the body - where exchange takes place
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| diastole | relaxation of the heart
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| systole | contraction of the heart
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| sphygmomanometer | instrument used to take a blood pressure
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| fibrillation | very rapid,random,inefficient and irregular contractions of the heart (350 or more per min)
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| CHF - congestive heart failure | heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood
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| embolism | presence of a mass of foreign material that cause a blockage in a vessel
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| ischemia | lack of blood flow to an area
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| necrosis | death of tissue
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| defibrillation | brief discharges of electricity applied across the chest to stop dysrhythmia(AED)
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| auscultation | listening to sounds within the body
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| sputum | material expelled from the bronchi, lungs or upper respiratory tract by spitting
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| asthma | Chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production
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| Chronic bronchitis | inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time; type of COPD
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| emphysema | hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
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| pulmonary embolism | clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung
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| onychomycosis | fungus infection of the nail
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| ecchymosis | bluish-purple mark (bruise) on the skin
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| gangrene | death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply
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| malignant melanoma | cancerous growth composed of melanocytes
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