JJC HEAL 109 Test #2
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| Which of the following is a characteristic of the sugar alcohols? | They provide kcalories
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| About how many grams of carbohydrate are contained in one ounce of foods in the grain group? | 15
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| All of the following are features of honey except | it is the preferred sweetener in infant foods.
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| What are cellulose, pectin, hemicellulose, and lignin? | Fibers
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| The chemical reaction by which starch is split into monosaccharides is termed | hydrolysis.
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| When consumed in excess, which of the following is most likely to lead to diarrhea? | Sorbitol
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| What is another name for lactose? | Milk sugar
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| What is the reaction that links two monosaccharides together? | Condensation
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| Honey contains | more kcalories per teaspoon than sucrose.
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| All of the following are characteristic of a high-fiber diet except | it may reduce risk of lung cancer but increase risk of breast cancer.
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| What is the approximate energy content (kcal/g) of most sugar alcohols? | 2
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| After you and your friend Dolores share pretzels and animal crackers, she announces that she wants to start digesting her food by watching television. You inform Dolores that | carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth through the action of amylase, so she has already begun digesting the snacks.
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| A "functional fiber" is one that | is extracted from plants and has a beneficial health effect.
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| Which of the following fibers is water insoluble? | Cellulose
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| Which of the following is known to correlate most strongly with reduced risk of deaths from heart disease? | High fiber intake
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| Which of the following provides the least amount of lactose per serving? | Cheddar cheese
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| Which of the following is a byproduct of the condensation of two molecules of glucose? | Water
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| Which of the following is not associated with the regular consumption of sugary beverages? | The fructose stimulates excessive release of insulin, which suppresses appetite
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| A major feature of the Mediterranean diet is liberal intake of | olive oil.
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| Results of the Seven Countries Study found that the population groups with highest and lowest rates of heart disease both consumed at least 40% of their kcalories from fat but the healthier group was found to ingest more | olive oil.
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| Which of the following does not describe a function of fat? | Supplies up to 25% of the body's energy needs during rest
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| Which of the following sources of lipids should be substituted for saturated fats to help lower blood cholesterol levels? | Canola oil
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| Your roommate Bob has just come back from the doctor where he was subjected to a blood lipid profile analysis. The doctor provided him with dietary changes because the cholesterol results put him at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Which of the | Low HDL and high LDL
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| In most nuts, what is the distribution of saturated and unsaturated fats, in order of highest to lowest amounts? | Monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, saturated
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| Which of the following is not a common dietary source of trans fats? | Whole milk
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| Which of the following foods contains cholesterol? | Roasted turkey
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| When stored at room temperature in loosely capped containers, which of the following dietary lipids would turn rancid in the shortest time? | Soybean oil
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| The results of blood tests that reveal a person's total cholesterol and triglycerides are called a | lipid profile.
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| Which of the following is a characteristic of fish consumption? | Fatty fish contain the highest amounts of omega-3 fatty acids
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| What is the function of adipose cell hormone-sensitive lipase? | Hydrolyzes triglycerides to provide fatty acids for other cells
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| Which of the following is a feature of adipose cell lipoprotein lipase? | The enzyme works to promote uptake of circulating triglycerides into storage triglycerides
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| Which of the following describes a feature of cis-fatty acids and trans-fatty acids? | In the body, trans-fatty acids are metabolized more like saturated fats than like unsaturated fats
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| Characteristics of hydrogenated oils include all of the following except | products containing them become rancid sooner, contributing to a shorter shelf life.
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| Which of the following is known as a tropical oil? | Cocoa butter
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| What nutrient is used to form ketones? | Fat
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| Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids? | Corn oil and sunflower are more prone to spoilage than palm kernel oil
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| Which of the following is the primary factor that differentiates one amino acid from another? | The side group
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| Which of the following is a feature of the protein RDA? | The recommendations are generous
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| Any of the following can be used by the body for the synthesis of a nonessential amino acid except | an essential mineral.
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| The disease phenylketonuria is related chiefly to abnormal metabolism of | a certain amino acid.
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| What protein is intimately involved in the formation of scar tissue in wound healing? | Collagen
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| All of the following are characteristics of protein-energy malnutrition except | it almost always exhibits overt signs.
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| When amino acids are deaminated, the immediate products are ammonia and often a | keto acid.
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| Which of the following compounds does not contain nitrogen? | Cholesterol
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| In the metabolism of amino acids for energy, what is the fate of the amino group? | Excreted as urea
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| The body's amino acid pool consists of | both essential and nonessential amino acids.
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| If the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, what will be the course of action? | Protein synthesis will be limited
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| When two amino acids are chemically joined together, the resulting structure is called a | dipeptide.
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| Which of the following conditions is associated with edema? | Diminished concentration of blood proteins and hormones, which causes fluid to leak from the blood vessels
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| Which of the following is involved in the clotting of blood? | Fibrin
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| Which of the following is a feature of diabetes? | Dietary management should focus on total carbohydrate intake rather than the type of carbohydrate consumed
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