Chapter 5, pg. 140
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| or/o, stomat/o | oral cavity (mouth)
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| oral | pertaining to the oral cavity (mouth)
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| herpetic stomatitis | inflammation of the oral cavity (mouth) caused by a herpes virus AKA "cold sores" or "fever blisters"
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| naso/. rhin/o | nose
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| nasal | pertaining to the nose
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| rhinitis | inflammation of the nose
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| rhinoplasty | surgical repair of the nose
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| rhinomycosis | abnormal condition of the nose caused by fungus (myc/o)
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| myc/o | fungus
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| muc/o | mucus or mucous(-this spelling will always be followed by....membranes)
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| mucus is a | viscous (thick) liquid secreted by mucous membranes (this spelling will always be followed by ....membranes
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| viscous | thick
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| rhinorrhea | mucus flow (discharge) from the nose
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| mucoid | resembling mucus
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| oid | resembling
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| mucopurulent | mucus and pus
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| purulent, py/o | pus
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| pharyng/o | pharynx AKA (throat)
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| pyogenic | pertaining to the creation of pus
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| oropharynx | the oral cavity and pharynx (throat)
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| nasopharyngeal | pertaining to the nose and pharynx (throat)
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| nasopharyngitis | inflammation of the nose and pharynx (throat)
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| adenoid/o | adenoids
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| the adenoids are | lymph tissue (immune system)
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| lymph tissue is | part of your immune system
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| adenoidectomy | surgical removal of the adenoids
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| adenoidotome | instruement to cut the anedoids
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| an adenoidectomy is | performed using an adenoidotome
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| tonsill/o | tonsils
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| tonsils are | lymph tissue and belong to the immune system
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| tonsillectomy | surgical removal (excision) of a tonsil
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| tonsillitis | inflammation of a tonsil
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| trache/o | trachea (wind pipe)
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| tracheitis | inflammation of the trachea
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| Endotracheal Tube (ET) | pertaining to a tube inserted within the trachea (wind pipe)
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| tracheoplasty | surgical repair of the trachea
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| tracheotomy | surgical incision of the trachea
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| adenoids are located in the | nasopharynx cavity
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| tonsils are located in the | oropharynx cavity
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| tracheostomy | a new or artificial opening into the trachea
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| -stomy | a new or artificial opening
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| tracheostenosis | narrowing of the trachea
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| tracheorrhagia | a rapid flow of blood from the trachea
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| -rrhagia | rapid flow
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| -al | pertaining to
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| fistula | abnormal passage way
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| tracheoesophageal fistula | abnormal passageway between the trachea and the esphagus (food goes down)
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| laryng/o | larynx AKA "vocal cords", "voice box")
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| laryngeal | pertaining to the larynx
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| laryngitis | inflammation of the larynx
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| laryngopharyngitis | inflammatioin of the pharynx (throat) and larynx (voice box, vocal cords)
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| laryngospasm | involuntary muscle contraction of the larynx (voice box, vocal cords)
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| laryngectomy | surgical removal of the larynx
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| -ectomy | surgical removal
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| -centesis | surgical puncture
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| laryngocentesis | surgical puncture of the larynx
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| -osis | abnormal condition
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| laryngoplasty | surgical repair of the larynx (voice box, vocal cords)
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| laryngostomy | a new or artificial opening of the larynx (voice box, vocal cords)
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| laryngotracheotomy | a surgical incision of the larynx and trachea
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| laryngoscope | a usually lighted instrument to view the larynx (voice box, vocal cords)
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| epiglott/o | epiglottis (lid over larynx)
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| the epiglottis is the | lid over the larynx (voice box, vocal cords)
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| the epiglottis will | open when you breathe and close when you swallow
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| epiglottis | inflammation of the epiglottis
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| bronch/o, or bronch/i | bronchi
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| plural --- bronchi | singular --- bronchus
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| bronchi are | the two primary airway brances off the trachea (wind pipe)
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| bronchoplasty | surgical repair of a broncus (singular)
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| bronchitis | inflammation of a bronchus (singular)
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| bronchogram | a record of the bronchi (plural)
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| bronchography | the process of recording a bronchi
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| bronchoconstriction | decreased diameter of the bronchi
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| bronchodilation | increased diameter of the bronchi
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| bronchogenic carcinoma | cancerous tumor or mass originating in a bronchus
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| bronchoscope | a usually lighted instrument to view the bronchi
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| bronchoscopy | the process of viewing the bronchi with a usually lighted instrument
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| LaryngoTracheoBronchitis (LTB) | inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi
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| bronchiol/o | bronchioles
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| Bronchioles are | small bronchi
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| bronchiolitis | inflammation of the bronchioles
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| alveol/o | alveoli
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| alveoli are | microscopic air sacs at the ends of the bronchioles
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| alveoli are necessary for | respiration (exchange of gases)
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| alveolar | pertaining to the alveoli
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| bronchoalveolar | pertaining to the bronchi and alveoli
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| pleur/o | pleura(e)
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| pleura(e) is/are the | protective membrane(s) surrounding each lung
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| pleuritis | inflammation of a pleura AKA pleurisy
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| pleurocentesis | surgical puncture of a pleura
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| pleuropexy | surgical fixation of a pleura
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| pneum/o, pneumon/o, pneumat/o | lung or air
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| pneumography | the process of recording a lung
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| pneumobronchotomy | surgical incision of a bronchus in a lung
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| pneumoconiosis | an abnormal condition of a lung caused by dust
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| coni/o | dust
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| pneumonitis | inflammation of a lung
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| pneumonectomy | surgical excision (removal) of a lung
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| pneumatocele | herniation of a lung
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| -cele | herniation
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| pulmon/o | lung
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| pulmonary edema (swelling) | pertaining to fluid (what causes the swelling) in a lung
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| thorac/o and -thorax | chest
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| thoracodynia | a condition of pain in the thorax (chest)
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| thoracocentesis | surgical puncture of the thorax (chest)
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| thoracoscope | a usually lighted instrument to view the thorax (chest)
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| thoracoscopy | the process of viewing the thorax (chest) with a usually lighted instrument
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| thoracotomy | a surgical incision of the thorax (chest)
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| pneumothorax | an abnormal condition of air in the chest
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| hemothorax | blood in the chest
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| pyothorax | pus in the chest
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| hydrothorax | fluid in the chest AKA pleural effusion(fluid)
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| hydro-, or effusion | fluid (water)
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| chest tube | a tube surgically inserted into the thorax (chest) to aspirate abnormal substances
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| aspirate (aspiration) | drawing in or out by suction
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| diaphragmat/o | diaphragm
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| The diaphram is the | primary muscle of ventilation (breathing)
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| ventilation | breathing
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| diaphragmatic | pertaining to the diaphragm
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| diaphragmatocele | herniation of the diaphragm
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| hiccup | a spasm of the diaphragm
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| a spasm is | an involuntary muscle contraction
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| involuntary means | you do not have control
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| spir/o, and -pnea | breathe (ventilate)
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| inspirate | inhale (inhalation) (breathe in)
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| expirate | exhale (exhalation) (breathe out)
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| Incentive Spirometry (IS) | the process of measuring the ability to self ventilate
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| ventilator | a device to assist inspiration and expiration
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| hypoventilation | deficient breathing
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| hyperventilation | excessive (fast) breathing AKA tachypnea (tachypnic) or hyperpnea (hyperpnic)
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| eupnea (eupnic) | normal breathing
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| hypopnea (hypopnic) | deficient breathing
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| bradypnea (bradypnic) | slow breathing
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| brady- | slow
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| dyspnea (dyspnic) | difficult or painful breathing
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| dys- | difficult or painful
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| apnea (apnic) | no breathing
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| a- | no or not
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| Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) | airway obstruction causing apnea while sleeping
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| ambu bag | the bag that is used to ventilate an apnic patient
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| orth/o | straight
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| orthopnea (orthopnic) | straight breathing
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| Orthorpnea means a person must | sit up straight to breathe easier
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| sinus/o | sinus
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| a sinus is a | cranial (skull) cavity
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| sinusotomy | surgical incision of a sinus
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| sinusitis | inflammation of a sinus(es)
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| ox/o or ox/i | oxygen(O2)
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| hypoxia (hypoxic) | a condition of deficient oxygen
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| anoxia (anoxic) | a condition of no O2 AKA asphyxia (asphyxiate) or suffocate (suffocation)
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| hypoxemia | a blood condition of deficient oxygen
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| oximetry | the process of measuring oxygen(O2)
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| -ectasis | dilation
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| bronchiectasis | dilation of a bronchus
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| radi/o | X-rays
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| radiology | the study of X-rays
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| expectorate (expectorant) | the act of expelling sputum from the lungs
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| hemoptysis | expectorating (coughing up) blood
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| hematemesis | vomiting blood
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| croup | a bark-like cough (seal)
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| atelectasis | a collapsed lung
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| flu | influenza
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| nebulizer | a device that delivers vaporized medicine (vaporizer)
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| dysphonia (dysphonic) | a condition of difficulty making sounds
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| aphonia (aphonic) | a condition of no sound
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| epistaxis | nose bleed
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| nasal cannula | a method of delivering oxygen (O2) AKA nasal prong
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| nares | nostrils
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| intubation (intubate) | process of inserting a tube
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| sputum | mucus that is expelled from the lungs AKA phlegm
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| copious | a large amount
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| lobectomy | surgical removal of a lobe
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| septum | wall
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| septoplasty | surgical repair of a septum (wall)
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| septotomy | surgical incision of a septum (wall)
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| endoscopy | the process of viewing with a lighted instrument within
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| apex | superior (top)
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| heart-lung machine | a machine that respirates the blood when the heart is stopped for surgical procedures
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| pulmonary toilet | techniques used to clear the lungs of sputum
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| Pulmonary toilet techniques include | 1. Turn, Cough, and Deep Breathe (TC+DB) 2. Percussion (clapping) + vibration (shaking) 3. Postural drainage (prone position with the upper torso lower than feet) "Pulmonary Toilet" is AKA Chest PhysioTherapy (CPT)
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| Percussion can also refer to | tapping on the body for diagnostic sounds
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| rales | crackling Breath Sounds (BS) heard during auscultation (listening with a stethoscope)
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| Auscultation means | listening with a stethoscope
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| rhonchi | wheezing
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| stridor | a high pitched BS (breath sound) indicative of airway obstruction
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| productive cough | sputum is produced
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| non-productive cough | dry cough - no sputum
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| Which type of cough should be suppressed? | Non-productive
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| antitussive | against coughing (cough suppressant)
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| COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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| SOB | Short of Breath
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| RT (IT) | Respiratory Therapy (Inhalation Therapy)
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| DOE | Dyspnea (difficulty breathing) on Exertion
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| C+S | Culture and Sensitivity
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| a C+S is | a test to grow bacteria and determine the best antibiotic to treat the infection
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| CX | culture
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| PFT | Pulmonary Function Tests
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| CXR | Chest X-Ray
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| Sx | suction
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| hx | history
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| Tx | treatment
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| NPPV | Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
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| NPPV is a | breathing Tx (treatment)
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| URI | Upper Respiratory Infection
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| PE | Pulmonary Embolism
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| TB | TuBerculosis
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| PPD | intradermal test for TB
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| VPS | Ventilation Perfusion Scanning
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| ABG | Arterial Blood Gases
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| lobes | sections (L-lung 2, R-lung 3) RLL (Right Lower Lobe), RML (Right Medial Lobe), LLL (Left Lower Lobe),RUL (Right Upper Lobe), LUL (Left Upper Lobe)
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| SARS | Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
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| ARDS | Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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| CF | Cystic Fibrosis
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| DPT | Diphtheria, Pertussis (whooping cough), and Tetanus
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| PCP (pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia) | the pneumonia associated with Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
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| Diagnostic Imaging (DI) | department where the following are found: CAT, MRI, radiology, nuclear medicine and ultrasound
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| CT or CAT | Computerized (Axial) Tomography
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| Tomography referes to | X-ray picture slices
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