Health definitions chapter 1.
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| Health | The complete state of physical, social and mental wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
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| Well Being | The state of being healthy, happy and contented , usually determined through self assessment.
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| Homeostasis | The propert within a living organism that regulates its internal and external environment to maintain stability and constancy.
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| Health status | An individuals or populations overall level of health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy,amount of disability, and levels of disease risk factors.
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| Physical health | Relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its systems, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness.
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| Social Health | Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independant and cooperative way.
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| Mental Health | State of wellbeing in which the indivuals realises his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life,can work productively and fruitfully,and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.
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| Health continuum | The level of healthiness that a person is experiencing illustrated on a line ranging from optimal health to death.
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| Life expectancy | An indication of how long a person can expect to live; it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.
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| Health promotion | Activities aimed at improving health and preventing diease by enabling people to increase control over and improve their health.
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| Health adjusted life expecatncy (hale) | A measure of burden on disease, based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. it is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live based on current rates of ill health and mortality.
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| Mortality | The number of deaths caused by a particular disease, illness or other environmental factor.
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| Under 5 mortality rate (u5mr) | The number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1000 live births
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| Morbidity | The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specidic time
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| Disability-adjusted life year (Daly) | A measure of burden of disease-one daly equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury
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| Burden of disease | A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries; specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called the D
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| YLL(Years of life lost) | The fatal burden of disease of a population, defined as the years of life lost to death.
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| YLD ( Years lost due to disability) | The non- fatal component of the diease burden and is a measurement of the healthy years lost due to diseases or injuries.
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| Incidence | The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time
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| Prevalence | The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.
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| Determinants of health | Factors that raise or lower a level of health in a population or individual. Determinants of health help to explain or predict trends in health and why some groups have better or worse health than others. Determinants cand be classified in many ways such
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| Biological Determinants | Factors relating to the body that impact on health, such as genetics, hormones, body weight, blood pressure, cholestoral levels and bith weight.
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| Behavioural determinants | Actions or patterns of living of an individual or a group that impact on health, such as sexual activity, smoking, participation in physical activity and eating practices.
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| Social Determinants | Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health, such as poverty early life experiences, social networks and support
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| Environmental determinats | All external factors that impact on the health and development of an indivual or group.
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| Physical environment | The physical surroundings in which individuals exist on a daily basis.
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