PLTW IED 2.1 Vocabulary Words and Terms to Know
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| Acute Triangle | A triangle that contains only angles that are less than 90 degrees.
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| Angle | The amount of rotation needed to bring one line or plane into coincidence with another, generally measured in radians or degrees.
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| Area | The number of square units required to cover a surface.
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| Axis | 1. An imaginary line through a body, about which it rotates. 2. An imaginary line about which a regular figure is symmetrically arranged. 3. A fixed reference line for the measurement of coordinates.
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| Cartesian Coordinate System | A rectangular coordinate system created by three mutually perpendicular coordinate axes, commonly labeled X, Y, and Z.
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| Chamfer | A small angled surface formed between two surfaces.
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| Circle | The set of all points in a plane at a given distance from a given point in the plane.
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| Circumscribe | 1. A triangle located round a polygon such as a circle. 2 To draw a figure around another, touching it at points but not cutting it.
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| Computer-Aided Design or Computer-Aided Drafting (CAD) | The use of a computer to assist in the process of designing a part, circuit, building, etc.
The use of a computer to assist in the process of creating, storing, retrieving, modifying, plotting, and communicating a technical drawing.
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| Counterbore | A cylindrical recess around a hole, usually to receive a bolt head or nut.
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| Countersink | A conical-shaped recess around a hole, often used to receive a tapered screw.
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| Cylinder | A solid composed of two congruent circles in parallel planes, their interiors, and all the line segments parallel to the axis with endpoints on the two circles.
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| Diameter | A straight line passing from side to side through the center of a circle or sphere.
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| Ellipse | A regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points is constant, or resulting when a cone is cut by an oblique plane which does not intersect the base.
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| Extrusion | 1. A manufacturing process that forces material through a shaped opening. 2. A modeling process that creates a three-dimensional form by defining a closed two-dimensional shape and a length.
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| Geometric Constraint | Constant, non-numerical relationships between the parts of a geometric figure. Examples include parallelism, perpendicularity, and concentricity.
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| Inscribe | To draw a figure within another so that their boundaries touch but do not intersect.
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| Mass | The amount of matter an object contains.
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| Numeric Constraint | A number value, or algebraic equation that is used to control the size or location of a geometric figure.
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| Obtuse Triangle | A triangle with one angle that is greater than 90 degrees.
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| Origin | A fixed point from which coordinates are measured.
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| Parallelogram | A quadrilateral polygon with opposite sides parallel.
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| Pattern | A repeated decorative design.
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| Pi | The numerical value of the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter of approximately 3.14159.
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| Plane | A flat surface on which a straight line joining any two points would wholly lie.
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| Polygon | A closed geometric figure in a plane formed by connecting line segements endpoint to endpoint with each segment intersecting exactly two others. Polygons are classified by the number of sides they have, such as a triangle has three sides, a quadrilateral
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| Prism | A solid geometric figure whose two ends are similar, equal, and parallel rectilinear figures, and whose sides are parallelograms.
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| Quadrilateral | A four-sided polygon.
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| Radius | A straight line from the center to the circumference of a circle or sphere.
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| Rectangle | A parallelogram with 90 degree angles. A square is also a rectangle.
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| Regular Polygon | A polygon with equal angles and equal sides.
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| Revolution | Creating a 3D solid or surface by revolving a 2D shape about an axis.
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| Right Triangle | A triangle that has a 90 degree angle.
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| Rotation | Turning around an axis or center point.
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| Round | A rounded exterior blend between two surfaces.
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| Solid | A three-dimensional body or geometric figure.
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| Solid Modeling | A type of 3D CAD modeling that represents the volume of an object, not just its lines and surfaces. This allows for analysis of the object’s mass properties.
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| Space | 1. The dimensions of height, depth, and width within which all things exist and move. 2. A free or unoccupied area or expanse.
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| Square | A regular polygon with four equal sides and four 90 degree angles.
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| Surface Area | 1. The sum of all the areas of all the faces or surfaces that enclose a solid. 2. The sum of all the areas of all surfaces of a solid.
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| Tap | To cut internal threads.
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| Taper | Gradual diminution of width or thickness in an elongated object.
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| Three-Dimensional | Having the dimensions of height, width, and depth.
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| Triangle | A polygon with three sides.
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| Two-Dimensional | Having the dimensions of height and width, height and depth, or width and depth only.
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| Vertex | Each angular point of a polygon, polyhedron, or other figure.
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| Volume | The amount of space occupied by a substance or object or enclosed within a container.
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| Working Drawings | Drawings that convey all of the information needed to manufacture and assemble a design.
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