Glands
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| Growth Hormone (GH) (anterior lobe of pituitary) | stimulates growth by promoting protein synthesis
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| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) (anterior lobe of pituitary) | Increases secretion of thyroid hormone. Increases size of thyroid gland
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| Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (anterior lobe of pituitary) | Increases secretion of adrenocortical hormones, especially glucocorticoids, such as cortisol
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| Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) (anterior lobe of pituitary) | Follicle maturation and estrogen secretion in females, spermatogenesis in males
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| Luteinizing Hormone (LH) also called Interstitital Cell Stimulating Hormone (ICSH) in males [anterior lobe of pituitary] | Ovulation; progesterone production and testosterone production
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| Prolactin (anterior lobe of pituitary) | Stimulates milk production
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| Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) (posterior lobe of pituitary) | Increases water reabsorption (decreases water lost in urine)
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| Oxytocin (posterior lobe of pituitary) | Increases uterine contractions; stimulates ejection of milk from mammary gland
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| Thyroid Gland Hormones | Throxine and triidothyronine
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| Function of Thyroid Gland | Increases metabolic rate; essential for normal growth and development
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| Calcitonins (Thyroid Gland) | Decreases blood calcium by bone breakdown and releasing calcium. Antagonistic to parathyroid hormone
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| Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) (Parathyroid Gland) | Increases blood calcium by bone breakdown and release of calcium. increases calcium absorption in digestrive tract; decreases calcium lost in urine
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| Adrenal Cortex Gland | increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in kidney tubules; increases water retention
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| What are the Adrenal Cortex hormones? | Mineralocorticoids, Glucocorticoids (cortisol), Androgens and Estrogens
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| What is the function of Glucocorticoids (cortisol)? | Increases blood glucose levels
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| What is function of Androgens and Estrogens? | Secretes in small amounts so that effect is generally masked by hormones from ovaries and testies
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| What are the hormones of the Adrenal Medulla Gland? | Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
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| Functions of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine? | Helps cope with stress, increases heart rate and BP; increases blood flow and increases blood glucose level
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| What are Hormones of Pancreas (islets of Langerhans) Gland? | Glucagon and Insuline
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| What is function of Glucagon? | increases breakdown of glycogen to increase blood glucose levels
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| What is function of Insulin? | Decreases blood glucose levels
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| What is the Testes Gland hormone? | Testosterone
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| What is the function of Testosterone? | Maturation and maintenance of male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics
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| What are the Hormones of the Ovaries Gland? | Estrogen and Progesterone
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| What is the function of Estrogen? | Maturation and maintenance of femal reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics; menstrual cycle
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| What is the function of Progesterone? | Prepares uterus for pregnancy; stimulates development of mammary gland; menstrual cycle
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| What is the hormone of the Pineal Gland? | Melatonin
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| What is the function of Melatonin? | Inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone which inhibits reproductive functions, daily rhythems, such as sleep and wakefulness
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| Medication for Hypothyroidism | Lavoxyl
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| Medication for Hyperthyroidism | Prednisone
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| Medication for Goiter in Neck | Prednisone
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| Medication for Type I Diabetes | Insulin
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| Medication for Type II Diabetes | Glucophage or Metforman
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| List Diuretics | HCTZ, Lasix, Furosemide
Natural Diuretic is caffeine
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| Superiferous | Sweating profusely
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| Acromegaly | Extremely large bones in face & hands (Excess amount of GH)
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| HCG | Present in pregnant womens uteruses
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| Cortex | Outer Layer
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| Medulla | Inner Layer
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| Diabetes Inspidus | Large quantity of dilute urine (polyuria) and great thirst (polydipsia)
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| Two Regions of Pituitary Gland | Anterior (Adenohypophysis) and
Posterior (Neurohypophysis)
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| What does Endocrine glands secrete? | Hormones
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| How is Pituitary Gland connected to Hypothalamus? | By a slender stalk called the infundibulum
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| Diuretic | Helps you lose fluids
(Treats high BP, edema, CHF because they remove fluids from body)
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| Anti Diuretic | Helps body retain fluids
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| Hypoglycemia | Low Blood Sugar
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| TSH | Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
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| What are the Thyroid Hormones | Thyroxine (95) and
Triiodothyronine (5%)
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| Cretinism | Condition where person is a mentally retarded dwarf with abnormal skeletal features
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| What happens if blood glucose is too low? | Nervous System does not function properly
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| What happens if blood glucise is too high? | Kidneys product large quantities of urine and dehydration may result
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| GnRH | Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
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| Endocrine Gland | Gland that secretes its products directly into the blood
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| Exocrine Gland | Gland that secretes its product to a surface or cavity through ducts
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| Hormone | Substance secreted by an endocrine gland
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| Adenohypophysis | Anterior portion of the pituitary gland
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| Neurohypophysis | Posterior portion of the pituitary gland
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| Target Tissue | A tissue (cells) that responds to a particular hormone because it has receptor sites for that hormone
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