Senses Chptr 10
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Mechanoreceptors | Touch & pressure are from free nerve endings deform or displace tissues
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| Meissner's Corpuscles | Light touch pressure sensor
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| Pacini Corpuscles | Heavy touch pressure sensor
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| Proprioception | Sense of position or orientation of the body, Rate of movement one body part to another
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| Thermorceptors | Located immediately under the skin, most on the lips, least on the broad surfaces body trunk
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| More cold or hot receptors | 10x more cold receptors than hot
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| location of most thermoreceptors | on the lips
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| Nociceptors | Pain free nerve endings stimulated by tissue damage, skin & tissues of the internal organs, they don't adapt & will continue to make you feel pain even when stimulus stops
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| Gustatory | Sense of taste a chemoreceptor, Thalmus controlled to parietal lobe
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| parts of Gustatory (taste) | Taste Buds, Papillae, taste pore, taste hairs (microvilli)
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| 2 types of Gustatory nerves | facial nerve and glossapharyngeal nerve
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| Name general senses | Touch, Pressure, Temperature, Pain, Proprioception (position/orientation)
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| Chemoreceptor | Chemical (chemical changes in taste & smell)
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| Mechanoreceptors | pressure (bending/deforming cell/tissue) in joints, hearing, equilibrium)
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| nociceptors | pain receptor (tissue damage)
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| thermoreptors | temperature (heat & cold)
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| Photoreceptors | light energy (vision)
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| receptor detector (chain/steps) | Stimulus-receptor dectection-CNS to interpret
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| Odors | pleasant/unpleasant, unnoticed after a time, can result in nausea
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| cold adaptation | cold/hot abruptly then the receptors adapt (ex cold water in pool)
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| Headache | referred surfaces of the head, or menignes & blood vessels, sinuses, eyes
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| Bitter Taste | highest degree of sensitivity, reject it, poisons and toxins
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| Blinking | eye blinks 6-30 times/min, stimulates lacrimal glands to secrete tears to lubricate across the eye
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| Corneal transplant | readily accessible, easy to remove, avascular (no bleeding)less rejection, long term success (one of the 1st organs xplant)
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| Pupils | Dialate during problem solving, or if subj is appealing, reflexes reflecting interest or emotional state, Restrict if boring repulsive
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| Detaached Retina | sensory portion breaks away, Trauma or eye disorder, resulting in distored vision eventual blindness, reattach via laser Sx
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| Color Blindness | absence or def in cones, common red/green, inherited > males
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| Ruptured Eardrum | perforated by shock waves from explosion, scuba, trauma, acute middle ear infections, acute pain, noise, hearing impairment
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| Motion Sickness | nausea/vomiting, resulting repetitive/ excessive stimulation of equilibrium receptors some are more suseptible than others
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| name 4 different taste receptors and where they are located on the tongue | Salty (tip of tongue) Sweet (just behind tip of tongue), Sour (sides of middle of tongue) Bitter (back of tongue left to right)
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| Bony Socket (bony orbit)does what for the eye? | Protects it
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| Accessory Structures do what for the eye? | protect and move the eyes
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| Eye brow function | keeps perspiration out of the eye, it can cause irritation
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| Eyelids function | open and close the eye, keep foreign objects out
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| Conjuctiva | keeps the eye from drying out, thin mucous membrane that lines the eyelid,covers most of the eye except the cornea
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| Muscles associated with the eyelid | Orbicularis Oculi, (closes the eye) & Lavator Palpebrae Superioris (opens the eye)
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| Eyelash function | helps trap foreign particicles
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| Sebaceous glands | associated with eyelashes) secrete oily fluid that lubricates the region (inflamation is a stye)
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| Lacrimal Gland does what | produces tears
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| Sclera is what | whites of the eyes (= 5/6 of the eye)
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| Cornea | "window of the eye" transparent layer outside of the eye
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| Choroid | vascular brown pigmented layer posterior of eye
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| Iris | colored part of the eye
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| pupil | doughnut shaped diapharagm (lets in/out light) dialates and constricts
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| Retina | "visual part of the eye" innermost layer of the eye, posterior, contains rods & cones
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| Optic Nerve | Visual impulses to the brain
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| Rods | low light vision (night vision)
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| Cones | color vision
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| Type of sight chart most used | Snellen
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| Color Chart | Ishihara
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| OD | Right Eye
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| OS | Left Eye
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| OU | both eyes
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| Aqueous Humor | liquid maintains shape of eye & provides nutrients (front of eye shape, eye pressure)
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| Vitreous Humor | presses retina to the wall of the eye, supports internal shape, provides nutrients (eyeball shape)
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| Refraction | the bending of light rays
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| accomodation | adjustment to the vision of the eye
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| Auditory | sense of hearing
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| AD | Right Ear
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| AS | Left Ear
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| AU | both ears
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| External ear also known as | Auricle or Pinna
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| Fleshy part of ear | Auricle or Pinna
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| Otitus Externa | Swimmer's Ear
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| Tinitus | ringing of the ears
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| Otinius Media | middle ear infection
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| Tympanic Membrane | think membrane middle ear, vibrates with stimulus
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| 3 bones inside ear | Malleus, Staples, Incus
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| Eustachian Tube | aka Auditory tube; connects ears to throat
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| Bony Labryrinth - itis | infection of the inner ear
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| Cochlea | snail like coil inner ear (bony labyrinth) functions in hearing
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| cerumen | ear wax
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| Meniere's disease | lifelong chronic inner ear disease, recurring attachks, dizziness, loss, tinnitis
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| Tinnitus | ringing or buzzing in the ears
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| Vertigo | Feeling of dizziness, loss of balance, room spinning
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| Blepharitis | inflation of the edges of the eyelid
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| Glaucoma | increased pressure in the eye, if untreated blindness
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| Macular Degeneration | breakdown of cells in macula lutea, central vision (older people)
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| Nyctalopia | night blindness
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| Otosclerosis | formation of bony tissue around oval window immobilizing stapes (ear) results in deafness
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| Presbycusis | impairment of hearing from aging
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| Presbyopia | impairment of vision from againg
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| Sensorineural deafness | noise related ear damage to the cochlea (pathway to cortex cerebelum)
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| Tympanitis | inflammation of the tympanic membrane
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| Quiz: The _______ is the white portoion of the eye | SCLERA (watch the spelling)
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| Quiz: The _______ is the colored part of the eye. | IRIS
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| Quiz: Medical term for middle ear infection | Otitinus Media
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| Quiz: Medical term for ear wax | Cerumen
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| Quiz: This gland produces tears | Lacrimal
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| Quiz: Medical term for Swimmer's Ear | Otitus Externa
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| Quiz: The external is called the | Auricle or Pinna
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| Quiz: Stimulated by heavy pressure | Pacini's corpuscle
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| Quiz: The sense of sight can be classified as: | Photoreceptor
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| Quiz: OD | Right Eye
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| Quiz: How many feet should a patient stand away from the snellen chart when testing for visual acuity? | 20 feet
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| Quiz: The sense of smell can be classified as | chemoreceptiors
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| Quiz: Important in sensing light discrimination touch stimuli | Meissner corpuscle
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| Quiz: Receptors for color vision | cones
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| Quiz: Fluid that helps maintain shape of anterior part of th eeye | Aqueous humor
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| Quiz: Olefactory means | smell
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| Quiz: Medication used to treat conjunctivitis | Eyrthromycin
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| Quiz: Regulates amount of light that enters the eye | Pupil
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| Quiz: Which of the following taste buds are located in the back of the tongue? | Bitter
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| Quiz: Connects the middle ear to the throat | Eustachian tube
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| Quiz: The cochlea is located in the | Inner Ear
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| Quiz: Transmits sound to the cochlea | Ossicles
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| Quiz: Location of the ossicles | Middle ear
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| Quiz: Disease of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressue, which can lead to blindness | Glaucoma
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| Quiz: The eardrum is also called the | Tympanic Membrane
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| Quiz: The sense of balance occurs in the | Semicircular canals & the vestibule
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| Quiz:Ringing in the ears is called | Tinnitus
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| Quiz: Medication used for dizziness | Meclizine
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| Bonus Quiz Question: name the 3 occicles | Malleus, Incus, Stapes
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