ML test
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| Staph aureus | Gram positive cocci, coagulase positive, aerobic; always a pathogen; normal skin flora; grown on blood agar and PEA media; if MRSA shows as blue colonies on white MRSA plate
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| MSSA | [case 8,11 33]; DOC is penicillinase-resistant penicillin dicloxacillin (O) or Oxacillin (P)
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| MRSA | tested a/g oxacillin (NOT methicillin), DOC is Vancomycin (O or P) ± gentamicin (P) ± rifampin (O) [case 23,30,36]
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| Group A Strep (Streptococcus pyogenes) | Gram + Cocci,aerobic ; grows on PEA and blood agar (beta hemolytic-clear zones); causes strep throat; can cause rheumatic fever, and heart disease if antibiotic therapy not finished; DOC is Penicillin G (IV) or V (oral) [case 9]
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| Group B Strep (Strep agalacticae) | Gram + cocci, aerobic; grows on PEA,SXT, and BAP (beta hemolytic-clear zones); normal vaginal flora-can cause nenonatal meningitis; DOC is Penicillin G (P) or ampicillin(P or O) [case 2,
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| Enterococcus fecalis (Group D strep) | Gram + cocci;grows on PEA,BAP (gamma hemolytic); normal flora in GI tract; facultative anaerobe; DOC uncomplicated UTI is Ampicillin or amoxicillin; complicated infection is Penicillin G or ampicillin + gentamicin or streptomycin; [cases 4,19,27,32]
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| Enterococcus fecium (Group D strep) | Gram + cocci; grows on PEA, BAP-gamma hemolytic on BAP; super bug; facultative anaerobe?;DOC uncomplicated UTI is Ampicillin or amoxicillin; complicated infection is Penicillin G or ampicillin + gentamicin or streptomycin [case 28]
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| Strep. pneumoniae | gram + cocci; media:PEA, alpha hemolytic on BAP;aerobic?; case 21; penicillin-susceptible: Penicillin G/V or amoxicillin;intermediate: Penicillin G (P) or cefTRIAXone or cefotaxime;high res: Vancomycin + cefTRIAXone or cefotaxime, ± rifampin
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| Moraxella catarrhalis | Gram neg. cocci;aerobic; in nose-causes bronch. and sinus and middle ear infections; grows on chocolate agar; case 16; doc is Cefuroxime (2nd gen) or a fluoroquinolone
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| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | Gram neg. cocci;aerobic; grows on chocolate agar; case 22; DOC is CefTRIAXone (P-IM); chose cefixine (O) in class
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| Clostridium difficile | gram + bacilli (anaerobe);grows on BAP; DOC is Metronidazole (O or P); case 26
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| Bacteroides fragilis | Gram neg. bacilli; anaerobe; grows on BAP, MAC, HE?; doc Metronidazole
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| Campylobacter jejuni | Gram neg. bacilli (enteric); facultative anaerobe; grows on MAC, CAMPY; DOC is Erythromycin (o) or azithromycin (o); case 17
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| Enterobacter | Gram neg. bacilli (enteric), normal intestinal flora, causes ICU issues,grows on BAP, MAC; case 12,;DOC is Imipenem or meropenem or cefepime
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| E.coli | anaerobic gram neg. bacilli (enteric);grows on MAC,BAP; common cause of UTI;DOC is Cefotaxime, cefTRIAXone, cefepime, or cefTAZidime; case 1,14,18,31
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| Klebsiella pneumoniae | Gram neg. bacilli (enteric);facultative anaerobe; grows on MAC,BAP; DOC is Cefotaxime, cefTRIAXone, cefepime, or cefTAZidime; case 13,18
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| Proteus mirabilis | gram neg. bacilli (enteric);aerobic; DOC is Ampicillin; case 6,20,27; grows on MAC,BAP
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| Proteus vulgaris | gram neg. bacilli (enteric) and indole +; aerobic; grows on MAC, BAP; no cases; DOC is Cefotaxime, cefTRIAXone, cefepime, or cefTAZidime; more resistant of the proteus species
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| Salmonella (not typhi) | Gram neg. bacilli (enteric);aerobic; grows on BAP,MAC,HE (black); case 35; DOC is like E.COLI--Cefotaxime or cefTRIAXone or a fluoroquinolone
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| Serratia | gram neg. bacilli (enteric);aerobic; grows on BAC, MAC; ICU issues; DOC is Imipenem or meropenem; case 3,10
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| Shigella | Gram neg.bacilli (enteric);aerobic; grows on MAC, BAP,HE (green); DOC is a fluoroquinolone; no cases?
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| Gardernella vaginalis | Gram neg. bacilli (non-enteric); anaerobic; grows on BAP,MAC; DOC is Oral metroNIDAZOLE; case 29,34; clindamycin if pregnant?
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| Hemophilus influenzae | Gram neg. bacilli (non-enteric);aerobic; normal nasal flora; grows on BAP, MAC, chocolate; DOC upper respiratory infection is Trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole ; DOC serious infect. is Cefotaxime or cefTRIAXone (2nd or 3rd gen); case 21,37
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| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Gram neg. bacilli (non-enteric);aerobe; grows on BAP, MAC; DOC for UTI is Ciprofloxacin; other infections Piperacillin/tazobactam or ticarcillin/clavulanate, plus/minus tobramycin, gentamicin, or amikacin; case 32,33,36
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| Trichomonas | protozoan; DOC metronidazole; case 24;
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| Giardia | protozoan; DOC metronidazole ; case 7; causes traveler's diarrhea; found in animal feces and river water
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| Chlamydia | Gram neg aerobic cocci; can treat w/ azithromycin or doxycycline; case #22
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