Addictionology
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| Stimulant Effects | Sweating, increased heartbeat, dilation of pupils, increased body temperature, increased BP, “RUSH”:(feeling of euphoria and powerfulness)
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| Stimulant problems | Respiratory problems.Damaged nasal and bronchial passages.
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| Cardiovascular stimulant problems | Increased heart diseases b/c the first place a drug goes to the heart b/c of the blood vessels carry the drugs.
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| Liver stimulant problems | Damage to liver from metabolizing the drug.
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| CNS | Cocaine is a vasoconstrictor (narrowing of blood vessels)Strokes are a common result. b/c you are not getting the needed blood to the areas.
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| Freud | used cocaine in his research, diluted the value of his research. Proved human beings have a 24 hour cycle in a day. Very embarrassed about his use of it. Thought of it as cure for depression, and cure for opiate addiction.
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| 1800-1900’s Cocaine | was thought of as a mild vice.
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| Hx of Cocaine & Coca Cola | did Coke have cocaine in it? YES. 1906 Pure FDA De-cocained the leaves
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| Nuero T’s and Cocaine | massive release of Dopamine AND blocks reabsorption, meaning makes it so the brain can’t “suck” it back up into the synaptic gap.
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| Cocaine fun-fact | Cocaine can “autometabolize” after death. That means it will continue to reduce in potency in the blood even if someone has died. Little enzymes like to eat it up.
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| Amphetamines | first isolated in 1887. Benzedrine (Bennys) were considered a safe alternative to cocaine.
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| Transition of amphetamines to METH amphetamines | synthesized in 1893 in Japan. METH makes it longer lasting, BUT speeds the absorption and potency.
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| METH | MORE POTENT and MORE RAPIDLY ABSORBED
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| NICOTINE | is a stimulant, with some depressant EFFECTS.
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| NICOTINE | After WWI, were distributed to the troops with their meals.
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| Nicotine use increased | By 1960, 52% of males, 32% used tobacco.
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| Nicotine in 1990 | more 6 yr olds could recognize Joe Camel than Mickey Mouse.
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| Nicotine and content | Legally proven in court, tobacco manipulate the nicotine content, THE POTENCY, in cigarette’s to KEEP the smoker ADDICTED.
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| Nicotine PharmacologyCNS Stimulant or depressant in the short term? | it's a stimulants b/c increases heart rate and B/P but...a depressant:Vasodialation and dopamine release will often lower the HR and B/P.
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| Nicotine short term vs long term use |
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| Nicotine Lethal Dose | 60 mg. 1 cig=10mg.
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| Nicotine and Chemicals | There are hundreds of active chemicals in tobacco, there are thousands of chemicals in tobacco after you light it on fire.
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| Nicotine and cancer | Nicotine causes cancer.
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| Nicotine and withdrawal symptoms | A large part of the positive relaxation part of a cigarette is a reduction in acute withdrawal symptoms.
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| 1923 Lung cx | was NOT listed as a disease. Were not aware this happened
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| behavioral component of smoking | When something has a behavioral component, society feels ppl bring it on themselves, let them deal with it.
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| Hallucinogens | actually a misnomer (named incorrectly) some hallucinogen (something that is not there) users see hallucinations, typically they experience delusions
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| Hallucination | perception in the absence of stimulus
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| Delusion | Misinterpretation of reality, an existing stimulant.
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| Hallucinogens | Effects rely heavy on the setting.Cz’s random firing in the brain. Subjective feeling to the significance of the events.
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| (HPPD)Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder | effect of a return of some of the symptoms of hallucinogen intoxication. Better known as “flashbacks”.
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| (HPPD) Common forms | tracers and general feeling that something is not right.
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| Other Hallucinogens | Mescaline, found in Peyote. Psilocybin: active ingredient in mushrooms. Nutmeg - vomits for an hour, then small amount of hallucination.
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| Inhalant’s | class of drugs see a spike at 8th grade b/c it is easily available in home and cheap.
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| Inhalant’s administration | Snorting/sniffing, bagging-limits the oxygen and concentrates the substance, huffing, spraying directly into the nose and mouth
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| Inhalants: the Common substances abused | DANGEROUS!DANGEROUS!DANGEROUS!
Toluene: one of the most abused solvents. Higher level of toluene,the better the high.
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| Anoxia | lack of oxygen to the brain. Is caused by inhaled and by the bonding effect to the lung tissue.
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| Anabolic Steroids | Increase testosterone. Increases muscle mass and decreases the time for healing
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| Androgenic Steroids | increase or mimic male hormones for a variety of goals.
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| Common types of steroid use | Mega dosing-takes large dose
Cycling-multiple doses over time with periods of abstinence to reduce the tolerance
Stacking-more than one type at a time
Array-taking other medications in conjunction to combat the side effects
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| Steroid abuse symptoms | embalancing testosterone cz's physical aspects to change: men get breast, penis shrink's, voice changes, women get harrier, clitoris enlarges,
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| symptoms | Swelling of feet or lower limbs. foul smelling breath, changes in skin, acne. Increase or decrease in body hair, male-pattern baldness, shrinkage of testi's, atrophy of penis in males, Enlargement of male breasts, breast reduction in females. enlargement
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| symptoms continued: enlargement of external genitalia in females. Depression. Restlessness. Loss of appetite. Diminished sex drive HA Insomnia. |
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