Chemotherapy Drugs and Common Reactions
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| These antineoplastic drugs interfere with DNA and prevent nucleic acid from completing cell division | Alkylating agents (Cytoxan)
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| This is the most widely used class of antineoplastics | Alkylating agents (Cytoxan)
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| This is an adverse rxn specific to Alkylating agents such as Cytoxan | Hemmorhagic cystitis
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| This is given to inactivate urotoxic metabolites in the bladder | MESNA
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| These antineoplastic drugs cause cell death or slowed growth | Antimetabolites (methotrexate)
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| This antimetabolite blocks the synthesis of folic acid | Methotrexate
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| These two drugs are used for diagnoses other than Cancer | Cytoxan and Methotrexate
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| Pts taking this antineoplastic drug should increase fluid intake and hydrate well to prevent renal side effects such as HC | Cytoxan
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| Pneumotitis and fibrosis are common adverse rxns to this antineoplastic drug | Methotrexate
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| This side effect of methotrexate includes renal cellular death | Acute Tubular Necrosis
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| ATN in use with methotrexat should be treated with | IVF containing sodium bicarb to alkalinize urine
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| BM toxicity, oral and GI ulceration, and bowel perforation are common adverse rxns with this dose limiting drug | methotrexate
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| Substances from bacteria that can kill cancer cells | Antitumor Antibiotics
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| This IV drug often appears red | doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
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| This form of administration involves small lipid sacs that open and release when they reach the cancer cells | Liposomal administration
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| Liposomal administration is specifically used for which antineoplastic drug? | doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
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| Cardiotoxicity and Angioedema are side effects specific to this antineoplastic drug | doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
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| This category of antineoplastic drugs affect cell division | Natural products
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| This drug is specific to the M-phase and administered IV | Vincristine (Oncovin)
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| Nervous system toxicity is specific to this dose limiting drug | Vincristine (Oncovin)
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| Numbness, tingliign, muscular weakness, and loss of reflexes are associatedd with side effects of this system | Nervous system (Neuropathy)
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| Severe constipation is specific to this antineoplastic drug | Vincristine (Oncovin)
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| Allergic rxns are HUGE with this antineoplastic drug | Vincristine (Oncovin)
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| An added benefit on this antineoplastic category is that they are BM sparing | Natural products
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| These slow the growth of hormon-dependent TUMORS by blocking substances essential for growth | Hormone/Hormone antagonists
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| Gynecomastia and Hirsutism are adverse rxns of which type of hormone therapy | Sex hormone therapy
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| These block estrogen receptors on breast cancer cells, but have estrogen effects on non-breast cells as well. | SERMs
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
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| Added benefits of this drug include improved bone density and improved lipid profiles | Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
SERM
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| Drug of choice for metastatic breast cancer | Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
SERM
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| Given prophylactically to decrease breast cancer risk | Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
SERM
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| This should be given with food or milk to decrease GI stress | Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
SERM
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| Potentially fatal effects of this drug include DVTs and endometrial cancer | Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
SERM
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| These stimulate the body's immune system to fight against tumor cells | BRMs
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| These attack only one specific type of tumor cell. These cells MUST posses theh specific protein receptor | Monoclonal antibodies
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| This monoclonal antibody is used against breast cancer | Herceptin
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| These are used in transplant pts to reduce immune response | Monoclonal antibodies
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| These are used in autoimmune diseases (RA, lupus) and asthma to suppress the immune system | Monoclonal antibodies
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| Used in lymphoma, HER2 receptor positive cancers (Breast), HER1, and Leukemia | Monoclona antibodies
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| Increases killing potential of chemo | Monoclonal antibodies
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| Inhibit angiogenesis | Monoclonal antibodies
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| Because cells can repair in this stage, drugs are not as effective | G0 phase
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| An example of a high growth fraction cancer | lymphoma
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| Example of a low growth fraction cancer | Solid tumors as in breasts or lung cancer
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| Course of chemotherapy includes (think frequency in wks) | Every 3 weeks with 6-12 treatments at a time
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| This antineoplastic drug is HIGHLY does specific | Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
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| What color are chemo bags? | Yellow
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| PPE employed in preparation and administration of Chemo | Special gloves, gown, and mask
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| How long should excretia precautions be employed | 48 hours
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| Excretia precautions include... | Wear gloves for all body fluids,
double flush toilet,
No body fluids in trash!!!
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| Onset of emetogenic effects with chemo drugs | 1-2 days (Premedicate)
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| What is the low point of BM suppression referred to? | Nadir
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| Anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia are all effects of | Bone marrow suppresion
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| This effect of chemo can result in high risk for infections | Neutropenia
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| Absolute Neutrophil Count <500 | Neutropenia
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| This drug stimulates neutrophil production by BM | Filgrastim (Neupogen)
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| This drug should not be given within 24 hrs of chemo | Filgrastim (Neupogen)
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| Bone pain is a common side effect of this drug and contraindicated in peopel with bone cancer. | Filgrastim (Neupogen)
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| Chlorohexadine gluconate (Peridex) are used to treat which side effect of chemo | Mucositis
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| Half/half saline peroxide mixture | Mucositis
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| This effect of chemo is alleviated by the swish and spit regimen | Mucositis
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| Viscous Lidocain is used with which side effect of chemo | Musocitis
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| This drug is used to "rescue normal cells" | Folinic Acid
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