All abbreviations
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| ADH | antidiuretic hormone
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| Bx | biopsy
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| CKD | chronic kidney disease
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| Cr, Creat. | creatinine
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| GFR | glomerular filtration rate
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| HT | hypertension
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| IVP | intravenous pyelogram
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| K+ | potassium
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| KUB | kidney, ureters, bladder
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| MCS | microscopy, culture, sensitivity
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| Na+ | sodium
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| PUJ | pelviureteric junction
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| BE | barium enema
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| BM | bowel motion/movement
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| BRBPR | bright red blood per rectum
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| CBD | common bile duct
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| CT scan | computerised tomography
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| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde choliangiography procedure
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| GB | gall bladder
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| GI | gastrointestinal tract
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| GORD | gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
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| HBV | hepatitis B virus
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| HH | hiatal hernia
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| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome
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| LBO | large bowel obstruction
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| LFT’s | liver function tests
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| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging
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| NBM | nil by mouth
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| NG tube | nasogastric tube
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| NPO | non per os
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| OGD | oesophageal gastroduodenoscopy
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| p.c | post cibum
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| PEG tube | percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube
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| PR | per rectum
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| PUD | peptic ulcer disease
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| SBO | small bowel obstruction
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| TPN | total parenteral nutrition
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| BSE/SBE | breast self examination
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| CIN | cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
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| CS | caesarean section
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| Cx | cervix
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| D&C | dilatation and curettage
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| DCIS | ductal carcinoma in situ
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| DUB | dysfunctional uterine bleeding
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| EDC | estimated date of confinement
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| FHR | foetal heart rate
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| FSH | follicle stimulating hormone
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| GnPn | Gravida number, Parity number
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| Gyn | gynaecology
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| HCG | human chorionic gonadotrophin
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| HPV | human papilloma virus
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| HRT | hormone replacement therapy
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| IUD | intrauterine device
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| LEEP | loop electrosurgery excision procedure
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| LMP | last menstrual period
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| LSCS | lower segment caesarean section
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| PID | pelvic inflammation disease
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| PMS | pre-menstrual syndrome
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| RDS | respiratory distress syndrome
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| STI | sexually transmitted infection
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| TAH-BSO | total abdominal hysterectomy-bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
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| AI | artificial insemination
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| AID | artificial insemination by donor
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| BPH | benign prostate hypertrophy/hyperplasia
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| DRE | digital rectal examination
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| HSV | herpes simplex virus
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| IDC | indwelling catheter
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| GU | genitourinary
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| PSA | prostate specific antigen
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| SPP | suprapubic prostatectomy
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| STD | sexually transmitted disease
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| STI | sexually transmitted infection
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| TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate
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| TRUS | transrectal ultrasound scan
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| ENT | ears, nose, throat
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| IOL | intraocular lens
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| OM | otitis media
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| PEARL | pupils equal, accommodating and reactive to light
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| LP | lumbar puncture
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| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid
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| ABG | arterial blood gases
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| AFB | acid fast bacillus
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| BAL | bronchoscopy and lavage
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| COAD, COLD, COPD | chronic obstructive –airways, lung, pulmonary – disease
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| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure
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| CXR | chest x-ray
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| DOE | dyspnoea on exertion
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| ICC | intercostals cavity
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| LLL | left lower lung
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| LUL | left upper lung
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| NIV | non-invasive ventilation
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| OSA | obstructive sleep apnoea
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| PE | pulmonary embolism
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| PET | positron emission tomography
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| PND | paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea
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| RDS | respiratory distress syndrome
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| RLL | right lower lung
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| RSV | respiratory synctal virus
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| RUL | right upper lung
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| SIMV | synchronised intermittent mandatory ventilation
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| SOB | shortness of breath
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| TB | tuberculosis
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| TLC | total lung capacity
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| URTI | upper respiratory tract infection
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| RCA | right coronary artery
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| SA node | sinoatrial node
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| SVC | superior vena cava
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| ADLs | activities of daily living
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| AAA | abdominal aortic aneurysm
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| CCU | coronary care unit
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| ICU | intensive care unit
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| HDU | high dependency unit
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| CCF | congestive cardiac failure
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| DOE | dyspnoea of exertion
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| IVC | inferior vena cava
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| PPM | permanent pacemaker
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| JVP | jugular venous pressure
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| VV | varicose veins
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| PND | paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea
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| AMI | acute myocardial infarction
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| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft
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| ECG | electrocardiogram
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| IHD | ischaemic heart disease
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| DVT | deep vein thrombosis
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| PTCA | percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
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| TIA | transischaemic attack
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| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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| NFR | not for resuscitation
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| DNR | do not resuscitate
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| RIP | rest in peace
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| AC joint | acromioclavicular joint
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| ACL | anterior cruciate ligament
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| ANA | antinuclear antibody
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| Ca | calcium
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| CDH | congenital dislocation (dysplasia) of the hip
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| CK | creatine kinase
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| CTS | carpal tunnel syndrome
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| DEXA | dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
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| DTR | deep tendon reflex
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| EMG | electromyogram
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| Fx, # | fracture
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| IM | intramuscular
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| MVA | motor vehicle accident
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| NOF | neck of femur
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| NOH | neck of humerus
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| NSAID | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
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| OA | osteoarthritis
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| OM | osteomyelitis
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| ORIF | open reduction internal fixation
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| RA | rheumatoid arthritis
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| RF | rheumatoid factor
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| ROM | range of movement
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| THR | total hip replacement
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| TKR | total knee replacement
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| AD | Alzheimer’s disease
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| ADD | attention-deficit order
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| ADHD | attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
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| CA | chronological age
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| CBT | cognitive behavioural therapy
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| DSM-IV | diagnostic and statistical manual 4th edition
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| ECT | electroconvulsive therapy
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| MA | mental age
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| MDD | major depressive disorder
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| MSE | mental state examination
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| OCD | obsessive-compulsive disorder
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| PTSD | post traumatic stress disorder
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| SAD | seasonal affective disorder
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| Ψ | psychiatry
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| AIDS | acquired immune-deficiency syndrome
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| CMV | cytomegalo virus
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| HD | Hodgkin’s disease
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| HIV | human immune-deficiency virus
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| HSV | herpes simplex virus
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| EBV | Epstein-Barr virus
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| BG | blood gases
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| BGL/BSL | blood glucose/sugar levels
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| WCC | white cell count
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| U & E’ & Cr | urea, electrolytes and creatinine
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| Fe | iron
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| Hb | haemoglobin
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| RBC | red blood cell
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| WBC | white blood cell
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| HPC | history of presenting complaint
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| NAD | no abnormality detected
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| NKA | no known allergies
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| PC | presenting complaint
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| PTT | partial thromboplastin time
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| PT | prothrombin time
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| BCC | basal cell carcinoma
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| ID | intradermal
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| KS | Kaposi’s sarcoma
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| SC | subcutaneous
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| SCC | squamous cell carcinoma
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| FTG | full thickness graft
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| SSG | split skin graft
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| ADH | antidiuretic hormone
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| BSL, BGL | blood sugar/glucose level
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| DM | diabetes mellitus
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| IDDM | insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
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| IGR | impaired glucose regulation
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| K+ | potassium
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| Na | sodium
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| NIDDIM | non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
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| HbA1C | glycoslated haemoglobin
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| BCC | basal cell carcinoma
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| SCC | squamous cell carcinoma
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| Bx | biopsy
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| Ca | carcinoma
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| 5-FU | 5-fluorouracil
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| Mets | metastases
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| BMT | bone marrow transplant
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| (N) | normal
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| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging
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| PET | positron emission tomography
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| US(S) | ultrasound (scan)
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| VQ scan | ventilation-perfusion scan
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| CAT | computerised axial tomography
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| CT | computerised tomography
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| CXR | chest x-ray
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| DSA | digital subtraction angiography
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| IVP | intravenous pyleogram
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| DEXA | dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
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| PTCA | percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
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