Buzz words and hallmark presentations (path, thomas, zel, ryan- tubulo ds)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| complement levels in IgA nephropathy? | NORMAL C3 and C4
key to DDx from Post-infectious GN in which complement levels are LOW
(also IgA occurs <b>days<b/> post infection; Post Infectious GN occurs weeks later)
🗑
|
||||
| oval fat bodies may be sign of? associated with what type of syndrome? | hyperlipidemia; nephrotic syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| classic presentation: proteinuria (foamy urine), hypoalbuminemia, edema, hyperlipidemia | nephrotic syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| likely to present in children with acute onset; associated with lymphomas*; caused by effacement of podocytes | minimal change disease
🗑
|
||||
| most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in african americans? | FSGS
🗑
|
||||
| nephrotic syndrome most commonly associated with HIV/AIDS | FSGS
🗑
|
||||
| which nephrotic syndrome is an exception in that it is due to an antibody/antigen complex? | membranous glomerulonephropathy
🗑
|
||||
| which syndrome is it crucial to perform age appropriate cancer screening? | membranous GN
🗑
|
||||
| kimmel steil- wilson nodules | diabetic glomerulosclerosis
or as Bri says... Jimmy Kimmel has diabetes (but he doesn't?)
🗑
|
||||
| classic presentation: hematuria, oliguria, HTN (+ RBC casts and low protein) | nephritic syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| crescentic lesions (general) | nephritic syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| #1 cause of GN worldwide | IgA nephropathy
🗑
|
||||
| associated with Henoch Schonlein Purpura | IgA nephropathy
🗑
|
||||
| IgA nephropathy is associated to occur after which two broad kind of infections? | URI and GI infections
🗑
|
||||
| Post-infectious is associated to occur after what kind of infection usually? | Strep Pharyngitis
🗑
|
||||
| which nephritic syndrome presents with low C3 and low C4? | Post infectious GN
🗑
|
||||
| which nephritic syndrome presents with low C3 and normal C4? | Membranoproliferative GN
🗑
|
||||
| which nephritic syndrome presents with normal C3 and normal C4? | IgA nephropathy
🗑
|
||||
| dry mouth, dry eyes; positive anti-ro and anti-la antibodies | Sjogrens disease (commonly associated with membranoproliferative GN)
🗑
|
||||
| Anti-GBM only kidney involvement- more likely in? | older women
🗑
|
||||
| Anti-GBM- goodpasture (with kidney and lung involvement)-- more likely in? | young men with history of smoking
(may present with hemoptysis
🗑
|
||||
| nephritic syndrome with lung, kidney AND SINUS involvement | Wegener's granulomatosis (a type of small vessel vasculitis); sinus involvement may include- epistaxis or recurrent sinusitis
must Ddx from Goodpastures (kidney and lung only)
🗑
|
||||
| c-ANCA (+) AND anti-PR3 | Wegener's
🗑
|
||||
| hansel stain (eosinophilia) | acute interstitial nephritis
🗑
|
||||
| sterile pyuria and HTN | chronic interstitial nephritis
🗑
|
||||
| brown muddy casts | acute tubular necrosis
🗑
|
||||
| tubulointerstitial disease associated with fanconi's syndrome | renal tubular acidosis (type II)
🗑
|
||||
| acquired fanconi's syndrome | multiple myeloma
🗑
|
||||
| tamm-horsfall mucoprotein | cast nephropathy assoc. with multiple myeloma
🗑
|
||||
| congo red stain with beta pleats | amyloid assoc. with multiple myeloma
🗑
|
||||
| Benz-jones proteins | multiple myeloma
🗑
|
||||
| onion skin lesions (hyperplastic arteriolitis) | malignant HTN
🗑
|
||||
| fibrotic intimal thickening (luminal narrowing) | HTN nephrosclerosis (benign)
🗑
|
||||
| high levels of renin in elevated renal vein | renal artery stenosis
🗑
|
||||
| string of beads on angiogram | fibromuscular dysplasia
🗑
|
||||
| schistocyes in peripheral blood smear | microangiopathic thrombotic disease
(also seen in pentad of symptoms with TTP)
🗑
|
||||
| classic presentation: pentad-- fever, neurologic symptoms, microangio hem. anemia, thrombocytopenia, ARF | TTP
🗑
|
||||
| ADAMTS13 and vWF | TTP
🗑
|
||||
| WAGR syndrome + WT1/WT2 mutations | nephroblastoma (wilm's)
🗑
|
||||
| most common renal tumor of infancy | congential mesoblastic nephroma
🗑
|
||||
| most common renal tubular epithelium neoplasm | renal papillary adenoma
🗑
|
||||
| mahogany brown; stellate central scar | renal oncocytomas
🗑
|
||||
| LM: mix of adipose, smooth muscle, blood vessels | angiomyolipoma (duh look at the word.. angio-- vessel, myo-- muscle, lipo--fat)
🗑
|
||||
| VHL gene mutation leading to high levels of VEGF | RCC (more specfically in clear cell)
mutation occurs in over 90%!!!
🗑
|
||||
| triad of sym: flank pain, palpable mass, hematuria | RCC
🗑
|
||||
| most common RCC | clear cell- conventional
🗑
|
||||
| C-met gene | Papillary RCC
(also assoc. with RF/ "dialysis kidney")
🗑
|
||||
| renal tumor assoc. with sickle cell (african am and mediterranean) | renal medullary carcinoma
very rare, very aggressive
🗑
|
||||
| urothelial invasion of the bladder | collecting duct carcinoma
(worst prognosis of typical RCC subtypes)
🗑
|
||||
| known to invade the renal vein and IVC | RCC
🗑
|
||||
| dilation of renal pelvis and calyces & atrophy | obstructive uropathy
🗑
|
||||
| neoplasm associated with urachal cysts | adenocarcinoma
🗑
|
||||
| soft tan broad mucosal plaques | malacoplakia
🗑
|
||||
| foamy macrophage, multinucleated cells with granular PAS positive | malacoplakia
(note: amyloid is PAS negative)
🗑
|
||||
| michaelis gutmann bodies | malacoplakia
🗑
|
||||
| developmental anomoly associated with Trisomy 18 | horseshoe kidney
🗑
|
||||
| oligohydraminos and Potter's sequence (fatal condition) | bilateral renal agenesis **TOL said to know**
(potters- flat nose, low set ears, recessed chin)
🗑
|
||||
| cobblestone gross appearance kidney | ADPKD
🗑
|
||||
| development path associated with berry aneurysms | ADPKD
🗑
|
||||
| develpment path associated with hepatic fibrosis | ARPKD
🗑
|
||||
| clinical triad: abnormal abdominal musculature, UT anomalies, bilateral cryptorchidism | prune belly syndrome
🗑
|
||||
| cobra head appearance on IVU | ureterocele
🗑
|
||||
| hallmark of costovertebral angle tenderness | ureteral calcuil
🗑
|
||||
| WBC casts in UA | pyelonephritis
🗑
|
||||
| Balanitis is commonly associated with? | Phimosis
🗑
|
||||
| hallmark of perineal discomfort and fever | bacterial prostatitis
🗑
|
||||
| bladder pain relieved by voiding | interstitial cystitis
🗑
|
||||
| glomerulations-- submucosal hemorrhage | interstitial cystitis
🗑
|
||||
| christmass tree bladder | bladder diverticuli (neurogenic)
🗑
|
||||
| tender, enlarged epididymis AND assoc with arthritis | epididymitis
🗑
|
||||
| clinical triad: mass, hematuria, pain | RCC (kidney)
🗑
|
||||
| requires Lasix for Dx | UPJ obstruction
🗑
|
||||
| one exception of nephrotic diseases in which renal biopsy is NOT indicated | MCD in children
🗑
|
||||
| No finding on LM and IF; podocyte effacement on EM | Minimal change disease
note: FSGS may also show similar findings if focal segment is missed on biopsy (IF will also show collapse of capillaries and increase in ECM)
🗑
|
||||
| the only nephrotic with immune complex deposits | membranous glomerulopathy (this is a repeat but was mentioned with both thomas and leonard)
🗑
|
||||
| LM: thick capillary walls with silver stain spikes IF: granular stainging EM: subepithelial immune deposits* | membranous glomerulopathy (remember only nephrotic with immune complexes)
🗑
|
||||
| FSGS must be DDx with? | MCD
🗑
|
||||
| leading cause of ESRD; often presents with small vessel disease and microalbumin | Diabetic GS
🗑
|
||||
| LM: thickening of BM region AND proliferation/expansion of mesangium | Diabetic GS
(DDx with FSGS- this occurs only in the glomerular capillary)
🗑
|
||||
| hallmark of back pain with lytic lesions on xray | multiple myeloma (associated with Amyloid nephropathy)
🗑
|
||||
| congo red stain and apple green bifringement with polarized light | amyloid nephropathy
(remember it is PAS negative! unlike Diabetic GS)
🗑
|
||||
| LM: proliferative GN IF: "lumpy-bumpy" deposits EM: subepithelial "humps" | Acute post infectious GN
🗑
|
||||
| EM: immune complex deposits subendothelium and mesangial hypercellularity | Type I MPGN
🗑
|
||||
| "tram tracking" of GBM on silverstain | Type I MPGN
🗑
|
||||
| deposit of complement and ribbon like increase in GBM density | Type II MPGN
🗑
|
||||
| associated with C3 nephritic factor (IgG autoAb) | Type II MPGN
🗑
|
||||
| common presentation in female african americans with SLE | Lupus nephritis
(think malar rash with nephritic symptoms)
🗑
|
||||
| Morphologic: thick capillary loops--"wire loops" | Lupus nephritis
🗑
|
||||
| ANA (+) with anti-dsDNA antibodies | Lupus nephritis Dx
🗑
|
||||
| associated with autoantibody against IV collagen | anti-GBM GN
🗑
|
||||
| IF: smooth diffuse "linear" IgG staining | Anti-GBM GN
(as opposed to "lumpy" with acute post infectious and "granular" with membranous glomerulopathy)
🗑
|
||||
| prominent hyaline sclerosis in renal arterioles | diabetic GS
(FSGS also shows sclerotic changes but only in the GC not the arterioles)
🗑
|
||||
| most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in kiddos | minimal change disease
🗑
|
||||
| most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in US caucasian/asian adults? african american? | membranous glomerulopathy;
FSGS
🗑
|
||||
| glomerular disease with favorable prognosis with corticosteroid Tx | Minimal change disease
🗑
|
||||
| classic triphasic histopath of nephroblasomta | blastema (primitive tubules), epthielium (abortive tubules), stroma (spindle cells)
🗑
|
||||
| three syndromes assoc with nephroblasomta | beckwith-Wiedeman, *WAGR syndrome*, denys drash
WAGR- genital anomaly retardation
🗑
|
||||
| tumor characterized by spindled cells resembling immature tissue; metastases rare | congential mesoblastic nephroma
(Ddx: wilms tumor-- commonly metastases to lung)
🗑
|
||||
| most common renal tubular epithelium neoplasm | renal papillary adenoma
🗑
|
||||
| renal papillary adenoma commonly associated with what? | acquired cystic renal disease
🗑
|
||||
| rank in order of worst prognosis to best clear cell RCC, Papillary RCC, Chomophobe RCC, collecting duct RCC | collecting duct (worst)-->clear cell--> papillary-->Chomophobe (Best)
🗑
|
||||
| carcinoma associated with "carcinogenic field effect" and presence of mulifocal neoplasms | renal urothelial carcinomas
🗑
|
||||
| commonly associated with hepatic fibrosis and portal hypertension | ARPKD
🗑
|
||||
| primary genetic abnormality PKD1 or PKD2; what do these encode? | ADPKD; encode polycystin
🗑
|
||||
| primary genetic abnormality PKHD1; what does this encode? | ARPKD; encodes fibrocystin
(think ARPKD-- hepatic FIBROSIS (hard liver=H in PK*H*D1)
🗑
|
||||
| acquired condition which may be hemorrhagic and confused with cystic RCC** | simple renal cyst***
must do microscopic evaluation to Dx -- will see thin walled uniloculated in simple renal cysts
🗑
|
||||
| degenerative kidney, bumpy shrunken gross appearance leading to ESRD and dialysis | acquired renal cystic disease
🗑
|
||||
| Abx induced acute interstitial nephritis clinical triad: | fever, rash, eosinophilia
🗑
|
||||
| high urine glucose and normal serum glucose | chronic interstitial nephritis
🗑
|
||||
| characterized by clinical presentation of acidosis and hyperkalemia from prolonged hypotension (septic shock) | acute tubular necrosis (think brown muddy casts)
🗑
|
||||
| renal tubular acidosis with hyperkalemia, hyperchloremic met. acidosis | type 4 - high serum K
(distal)
🗑
|
||||
| renal tubular acidosis with hypokalemia and acidosis | type 1- low serum k
often presents in kids as failure to thrive and renal stones
🗑
|
||||
| low back pain, male age>50, african american hepatosplenomegaly, cardiomyopathy | multiple myeloma
🗑
|
||||
| most common cause of Multiple myeloma | cast nephropathy (*tamm-horsfall mucoprotein)
🗑
|
||||
| DDX between RTA and Multiple myeloma | Anion gap
RTA (normal AG)
Multiple myeloma (low AG)
🗑
|
||||
| which disease is assoc with acquired fanconis ? which is caused by fancois synd? | acquired-- multiple myeloma
caused by fanconis syndrome-- type II renal tubular acidosis
(also pharm plug-- tetracyclines that have expired are linked with acquired fanconis)
🗑
|
||||
| potassium disorder; hypertensive, low renin, low aldosterone | Liddles-- hypokalemic
🗑
|
||||
| K disorder; normotensive, HIGH urine Ca | Bartters-- hypokalmeic
🗑
|
||||
| K disorder; normotensive, NORMAL urine Ca and low serum Mg | Gitelmans-- hypokalemic
🗑
|
||||
| K disorder; HTN, low renin activity hyperK withOUT renal failure | Gordans (pseduohyopaldosteronism)
aldosterone resistant-- impaired renal excretion
🗑
|
||||
| EKG: ST depression, decreased amplitude, U WAVE* | hypokalemia
🗑
|
||||
| EKG: Tinted T waves, no P wave, wide QRS | hyperkalemia
🗑
|
||||
| if urine Osm > serum Osm Dx likely? | SIADH
🗑
|
||||
| what is the lethal dose of ASA? | 500 mg/dl
🗑
|
||||
| toxic dose of ASA? | 150 mg/kg or >40 mg/dL
🗑
|
||||
| 3 Tx options of ASA OD | charcoal, sodium bicarb, hemodiaylsis (if neurologic symptoms)
🗑
|
||||
| acid base disturbances seen with ASA OD | resp alkalosis and metabolic acidosis
(SEPERATE and INDEPENDENT)
🗑
|
||||
| SSRIs (sertraline, fluoxitine, citalopram) lead to what common disorder in older people? | hyponatremia
🗑
|
||||
| most common cause of staghorn calculi | UPJ obstruction
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
caldwekl
Popular Medical sets