Lipids, Membranes, and Membrane Transport
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| What are the building blocks of proteins? | amino acid
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| What are the building blocks of fats/lipids/membranes? | fatty acid
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| What larger units does sugar build? | polysaccharides
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| What larger unit does nucleotides build? | nucleic acids
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| What surrounds all cells (and many viruses?) | a bilayer membrane composed of lipids and proteins
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| What do membranes do? | act as selective barriers; import and export; cell motility; cell signaling;
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| Membranes act as selective barriers between what? | cytoplasm and extracellular environment; and between organelles and the cytoplasm
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| What are phospholipids composed of? | 1) Fatty acids 2)Glycerol 3) Phosphate
4) A polar "head"
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| What does "amphipathic" mean? | hydrocarbon tail is hydrophobic and carboxyl group is hydrophilic
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| Which have double bonds, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids? | Unsaturated fatty acids
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| Which contain single bonds, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids? | Saturated fatty acids
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| Most double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids are...what? | "Cis"
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| What do the double bonds do to the hydrocarbon tail? | "Kinks" it
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| How does a fatty acid link to glycerol? | By removalof H2O which form an"ester" bond
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| Can you draw the Glycerol molecule? | Yes or No; draw it
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| When the ester bond link the fatty acid to glycerol, what does it form? | Either 1) Monoacylglycerol 2)Diacylglycerol 3) Triacylglycerol
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| Can you draw an Inorganic Phosphate molecule? | Draw it please
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| Phosphatidic acid | Simplest phospholipid; not found in cellular membranes
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| How is a polar head linked to phosphate? | via a phosphoester bond (-H2O)
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| Can you draw the choline, the ethanolamine, and the serine molecules? | Draw it please.
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| Which phospholids are not present in prokaryotes? | choline
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| Which phospholids are present in traces in prokaryotes? | Serine
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| Which phospholids are presented the most in prokaryotes? | Ethanolamine
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| What do these lipids stand for? a) PC b) SP c) PS | a) Phosphatidylcholine b) Sphingomyelin c) Phosphatidylserine
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| What do these lipids stand for? a) PE b) Cl c) PI | a) Phosphatidylethanolamine b) cholesterol c) Phosphatidylinositol
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