Maloney Pharmacology of Vasopressin
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vasopressin is the main hormone involved in what? | The regulation of body fluid osmolality
🗑
|
||||
| What can stimulate vasopressin (ADH) release? | High plasma osmolality, major hypovolemia, and major hypotension
🗑
|
||||
| Where are the vasopressin receptors located? | V1 on vascular smooth muscle
: V2 on principal cells of renal collecting duct and vascular epithelium
🗑
|
||||
| What are the results of binding to V1? | Causes vasoconstriction in vascular smooth muscle
🗑
|
||||
| What happens when vasopressin binds to V2? | V2 receptors on vascular endothelium will release clotting favtor VIII and vWF from storage sites
🗑
|
||||
| Without vasopressin, what kind of urine is produced? | Dilute urine
🗑
|
||||
| The V2 receptor on the basolateral membrane in the collecting duct coupes to Gs. What signaling pathway is activated/inhibited? | This activates adenylyl cyclase.
🗑
|
||||
| With vasopressin, what type of urine is produced? | Concentrated urine
🗑
|
||||
| What cells in the collecting ducts do vasopressin bind to? | It binds to the basolateral membrane of principal cells
🗑
|
||||
| What does activating Gs do? | Activates adenylyl cyclase and increases cAMP
🗑
|
||||
| Increased cAMP will activate what? | Protein kinase A, which will induce water channels to move to the apical membrane, increasing water permeability
🗑
|
||||
| Name the two vasopressin agents. | Vasopressin and desmopressin
🗑
|
||||
| What is the half-life, receptor(s), and route(s) of administration for vasopressin? | Short acting (half-life about 10 minutes)
: Binds both V1 and V2
: IM, SC, IV
🗑
|
||||
| What is the half-life, receptor(s), and route(s) of administration for desmopressin? | Long acting (half-life about 75 minutes)
: Binds V2>>>V1
: IV, SC, intranasal, oral
🗑
|
||||
| Which agent will selectively affect urine output? | Desmopressin
🗑
|
||||
| Name the clinical uses for vasopressin. | Advance Cardiac Life Support
: Vasodilatory shock
🗑
|
||||
| What is a clinical use for desmopressin? | Primary nocturnal enuresis (bed wetting)
- use for 4-8 weeks in children >6 with severe NE
🗑
|
||||
| How does this happen? | Binds to V2 in the kidney -> increases water permeability in the collecting duct -> increase water reabsorption -> decrease urine output
🗑
|
||||
| Other clinical uses of desmopressin. | Hemophillia A or type I von Willebrand's disease - increase circulating levels of factor VIII and vWF and shorten bleeding time
: Central diabetes insipidus
🗑
|
||||
| Where is the issue in Central diabetes insipidus? | The posterior pituitary does not release vasopressin
🗑
|
||||
| Why does desmopressin not work in nephrogenic D.I.? | The V2 receptors have insufficient response to binding.
🗑
|
||||
| A two year old boy is diagnosed with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. What drug will be most useful in treating him? | Hydroclorothiazide
🗑
|
||||
| Why do you give desmopressin for central DI and not vasopressin? | Desmopressin is selective for V2 causing less side effects
🗑
|
||||
| What are the adverse effects seen with vasopressin (V1) | Facial pallor, transient headache, nausea, abdominal cramps, hypertension, coronary vasospasm
🗑
|
||||
| Adverse effects associated with vasopressin and desmopressin (V2) | Water intoxication, hyponatremia (hypervolemia hyponatremia)
🗑
|
||||
| Why do you not use intranasal desmopressin to treat bed wetting? | It can cause DEATH
🗑
|
||||
| Adverse effects with intranasal desmopressin. | Congestion and rhinitis
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
bcriss
Popular Medical sets