Independence in America and Revolution in France Test Review
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| The Declaration of Independence | was a statement adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies then at war with Great Britain regarded themselves as independent states, and no longer a part of the British Empire.
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| Stamp Act | was a direct tax imposed by the British Parliament specifically on the colonies of British America. The act required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper produced in London, carrying an embossed revenue stamp.
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| "No Taxation Without Representation" | is a slogan originating during the 1750s and 1760s that summarized a primary grievance of the British colonists in the Thirteen Colonies, which was one of the major causes of the American Revolution.
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| The Boston Tea Party | was a direct action by colonists in Boston, a town in the British colony of Massachusetts, against the British government and the monopolistic East India Company that controlled all the tea imported into the colonies.
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| The Articles of Confederation | was an agreement among the 13 founding states that legally established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and served as its first constitution.
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| The Constitution | is the supreme law of the United States of America. It is the framework for the organization of the United States government and for the relationship of the federal government with the states, citizens, and all people within the United States.
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| The Bill of Rights | name 4 the 1st 10 amend to the U.S Con,-limit the power of the U.S. fed gov limits serve 2 protect the nat rights of liberty and property including freedoms of religion, speech, free press, free assembly, and free association, right to keep and bear arms.
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| The French Revolution | was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years.
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| The Old Regime | The book analyzes French society before the French Revolution — the so-called "Ancien Régime" — and investigates the causes and forces that caused the Revolution. It is one of the major early historical works on the French Revolution.
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| bourgeoisie | describes a range of groups across history. In the Western world, between the late 18th century and the present day, the bourgeoisie is a social class "characterized by their ownership of capital and their related culture."
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| The Estates General | was the first meeting since 1614 of the French Estates-General, a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the nobility, the Church, and the common people.
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| The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen | is a fundamental document of the French Revolution, defining the individual and collective rights of all the estates of the realm as universal.
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| Louis XVI | was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre until 1791, and then as King of the French 1791 to 1792. Susp and arr as part of the insu of dur the French Rev, tried by the Nat Conv found gui of high treason, and executed by guillotine
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| Marie Antoinette | was an Archduchess of Austria and the Queen of France and of Navarre. She was the fifteenth and penultimate child of Holy Roman Empress Maria Theresa and Holy Roman Emperor Francis I.
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| Estates- General of 1789 | was the first meeting since 1614 of the French Estates-General, a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the nobility, the Church, and the common people.
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| Tennis Court Oath | was a pivotal event during the first days of the French Revolution. The Oath was a pledge signed by 576 of the 577 members from the Third Estate who were locked out of a meeting of the Estates-General on 20 June 1789.
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| Fall of the Bastille | The medieval fortress and prison in Paris known as the Bastille represented royal authority in the centre of Paris. While the prison only contained seven inmates at the time of its storming, its fall was the flashpoint of the French Revolution.
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| National Assembly | 1st legislature 2 be known by this title was that established during the French Revolution in 1789, known as the Assemblée nationale. Consequently, the name is particularly common in Francophone countries, but is also found in some Commonwealth countries.
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| Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen | fund. document of the French Rev defining the indi and coll rights of all the estates of the realm as universal. Influenced by the doctrine of nat right, the rights of man are universal valid at all times and in every place, pertaining 2 human nat itself.
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| Maximillien Robespierre | He largely dominated the Committee of Public Safety and was instrumental in the period of the Revolution commonly known as the Reign of Terror, which ended with his arrest and execution in 1794.
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| George Jacques Danton | was a leading figure in the early stages of the French Revolution and the first President of the Committee of Public Safety. Danton's role in the onset of the Revolution has been disputed
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| Battle of Valmy | was the first major victory by the army of France during the French Revolution. The action took place on 20 September 1792 as Prussian troops commanded by the Duke of Brunswick attempted to march on Paris.
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| Guillotine | is a device used for carrying out executions by decapitation. It consists of a tall upright frame from which an angled blade is suspended. This blade is raised with a rope and then allowed to drop, severing the head from the body.
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| The Reign of Terror | was a period of violence that occurred after the onset of the French Revolution, incited by conflict between rival political factions, the Girondins and the Jacobins, and marked by mass executions of "enemies of the revolutio
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| Jean Paul Marat | Swiss-born physician, polit theor,and sci best known for career in France as a rad jour and polit during the French Rev. His jour was renowned for its fiery char and uncomp stance toward "enemies of the rev" and basic reforms for the poorest memb of soci.
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| Committee of Public Safety | reated in April 1793 by the National Convention and then restructured in July 1793, formed the de facto executive government in France during the Reign of Terror (1793–1794), a stage of the French Revolution.
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