Literary Terms for Romeo and Juliet
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| alliteration | repetition of initial consomant sounds
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| allusion | an indirect reference to a person, place, or event in literature that would be widely understood (usually from the Bible, mythology, or history)
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| aside | dramatic convention by which an actor directly addresses the audience but is not supposed to be heard by the other actors on the stage
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| blank verse | unrhymed iambic pentameter
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| comedy | a play which ends happily
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| comic relief | humorous speeches and incidents in teh course of the serious action of a tragedy; frequently comic relief widens and enriches the tragic significance of the work
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| conceit | unusual comparison between two very different things (extended or exaggerated metaphor)
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| couplet | a pair of successive verses which rhyme
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| foil | character whose treaits are the opposite of another character and who thus points up strengths and weaknesses of the other character
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| foreshadowing | the use of hints or clues to reveal future events
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| groundlings | the poor class of people who stood around the platform of the stage to see the plays
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| the heavens | the turret, the huts, and the canopy area of Shakespeare's stage; usually decorated with signs of the zodiac
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| hell | the area below the stage
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| hyperbole | conscious exaggeration used to heighten effect. Not intended literally, hyperbole is often humorous
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| iambic pentameter | a line consisting of 5 feet (iambs) with an unaccented syllable followed by an accented syllable
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| imagery | the use of images, especially in a pattern of related images, often figurative to create a strong unified sensory impression
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| verbal irony | to say one thing and mean the opposite
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| dramatic irony | a reader knows something that a character in the story does not
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| situational irony | a discrepancy is shown between what the audience expects and what actually happens, something unexpected
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| metaphor | a comparison of two things, often unrelated
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| oxymoron | rhetorical antithesis, juxtaposing two contradictory terms
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| pathos | qualities of a fictional work which stimulates emotions of pity, sorrow, or tenderness
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| personification | figurative language in which inanimate objects, animals, ideas, or abstractions are endowed with human traits or human forms
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| pit | the sunken area in front of the stage
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| poetic justice | ideal that judgment that rewards virtue and punishes vice
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| prologue | that which comes before
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| pun | humorous use of a word to suggest two literal meanings at one time
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| pyramid plot line | the acton of Shakespeare's plays follows the silhouette of a pyramid with the climax coming in the third act, characters and conflicts in first act, rising action in second act, falling action fourth act and resolution of conflicts last act
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| simile | figurative comparison of two thins, often dissimilar, using the connecting words "like" or "as"
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| soliloquy | a character (usually alone on stage) speaking his innermost thoughts aloud
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| sonnet | 14 lines of poetry rhyming: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. Usually written in iambic pentameter
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| tragedy | representations of serious actions which turn out disastrously. Major character meets a disastrous end.
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