Regulation of Blood Pressure
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is the major cardiovascular variable being regulated? | Mean arterial blood pressure.
🗑
|
||||
| Why is this important to regulate? | Because it is the driving force for blood flow to organs
🗑
|
||||
| What regulates mean arterial blood pressure? | Stroke volume
🗑
|
||||
| How do you calculate MAP? | Cardiac output x total peripheral resistance
🗑
|
||||
| What is TPR? | Net resistance of all organs in body
🗑
|
||||
| BARORECEPTORS: What are the two kinds that exist? | BARORECEPTORS; arterial and cardiopulmonary baroreceptors.
🗑
|
||||
| Where are the arterial baroreceptors located? | Two carotid sinuses and aeortic arch.
🗑
|
||||
| What are arterial baroreceptors? | Nerve endings that are sensitive to stretch due to changes in arterial blood pressure
🗑
|
||||
| What do they do with the change? | Buffer changes in arterial blood pressure
🗑
|
||||
| What happens to wall of blood vessel and firing of AP when blood pressure is increased? | Increased wall blood vessel --> Increase AP
🗑
|
||||
| What happens if you decrease pressure? | Increase resistance and heart rate
🗑
|
||||
| What does the firing rates of arterial baroreceptors directly depend on? | MAP and pulse pressure
🗑
|
||||
| What sort of feedback is associated with baroreceptors? | negative feedback
🗑
|
||||
| CARDIOPULMONARY BARORECEPTORS? | CARDIOPULMONARY BARORECEPTORS
🗑
|
||||
| Where are they located? | Large systemic veins, pulmonary vessels, and the walls of the heart.
🗑
|
||||
| What is their function? | Keep the brain informed of changes; Do the same as the other baroreceptors; They sense changes in stuff.
🗑
|
||||
| What sort of feedback don't they use? What kind of pressure do they measure? | Don't use negative feedback. venous pressure
🗑
|
||||
| What does an increase in ABp lead to? | Increase AP of arterial baroreceptors
🗑
|
||||
| What does afferent info do when stimulated? | Goes up to cardiovascular center in medulla.
🗑
|
||||
| What do efferent nerves do when stimulated? | Increase parasympathetic outflow and decrease sympathetic outflow.
🗑
|
||||
| The parasympathetic outflow goes to....? And the sympathetic outflow doesn't go to? | Heart, arterioles, and veins
🗑
|
||||
| What is the result of the increase in arterial blood pressure? | Decrease CO, TPR, and MAP
🗑
|
||||
| What is the arteriole baroreceptor reflex? | Does the opposite of the above; i.e. decreases arterial blood pressure.
🗑
|
||||
| What is hte primary function of the baroreflex? | Shoprt term regulation of arterial blood pressure
🗑
|
||||
| BLOOD VOLUME AND LONG-TERM REGULATION OF ARTERIAL PRESSURE | LONG-TERM REGULATION OF ARTERIAL PRESSURE
🗑
|
||||
| Why can't baroreceptors set longo-term arterial pressure? | Because they can adapt or reset to changes in arterial bp
🗑
|
||||
| Thus, what does regulate arterial pressure in the long-term? | Volume, baby!
🗑
|
||||
| What happens to blood pressure when blood volume increases? | BP goes up
🗑
|
||||
| Why does this happen? | You increase venous return, E-D-V, SV, and C.O.
🗑
|
||||
| The increase in blood volume will then become what? Becuase of what? | Will then become a decrease in blood volume b/c kidneys extrete salt and water
🗑
|
||||
| What sort of feedback is this? | negative feedback loop
🗑
|
||||
| HEMORRHAGE AND HYPOTENSION | HEMORRHAGE AND HYPOTENSION
🗑
|
||||
| Define Hypotension: What can cause hypotension? | Low blood pressure; can be b/c of blood loss due to hemorhage.
🗑
|
||||
| What two mechanisms do we do to get over the hyipotension/ | Reflex cardiovascular adjustments, and moving IF to capillaries
🗑
|
||||
| REFLEX CARDIOVASCULAR ADJUSTMENTS | REFLEX CARDIO
🗑
|
||||
| What do we increase in this case? | HR and TPR
🗑
|
||||
| What do we decrease (due to the bloo loss, not on purpose)? | Stroke volume, Cardiac output, and MAP
🗑
|
||||
| MOVEMENT OF IF TO CAPILLARIES | MOVE IF TO CAPS
🗑
|
||||
| What does this result in? (FINAL FINAL, imoprtant term)? | Hemodilution
🗑
|
||||
| What is whole blood? | Cells and plasma
🗑
|
||||
| What happens when you move IF to capillaries? | ??????
🗑
|
||||
| What are you essentially doing in the capillary movment thing? | Decrease Ventricular pressure and atrial pressure to decrease impact of hemorhage
🗑
|
||||
| What, other than hemorhage can cause hypotension? | Loss of body fluids, strong emotion, vasodilation chemcials
🗑
|
||||
| What is shock? | Low blood flow to tissues; damages them
🗑
|
||||
| UPRIGHT POSTURE | UPRIGHT POSTURE
🗑
|
||||
| What is the effect of gravity upon blood? How? | Reduce venous return by increasing vascular pressures in veins and capillaries in limbs
🗑
|
||||
| What happens when we stand up? | Blood-->veins-->legs-->decrease stroke volume-->decrease cardiac output
🗑
|
||||
| What does the increased venous pressure cause? | Distends veins and increases capilalry pressure-->increases filtration out of capillaries
🗑
|
||||
| When are these effects minimized? | Skeletal muscle contraction in legs
🗑
|
||||
| EXCERCISE | EXCERCISE
🗑
|
||||
| Why does CO increase in excercise? | HR and stroke volume increases
🗑
|
||||
| What is redistribution? | When the increase in cardiac output goes to vasodialating skeletal muscles and away from internal organs and nonactive skeleatl muscle
🗑
|
||||
| So how do we get blood to active muscles? Away from non-active muscles and ogans? | Vasodialation; vasoconstriction
🗑
|
||||
| REGULATION | REGULATION
🗑
|
||||
| What three things happen during excercise? | Vasodilation, constriction, and increase HR
🗑
|
||||
| Why does vasodilation happen in excerciese? | Active hyperemia
🗑
|
||||
| Why does vasoconstriction happen? | SNS activity to internal organs and non-active muscles
🗑
|
||||
| Why does increase HR happen in excercise? | Decrease parasympathetic and increased sympathetic activity
🗑
|
||||
| TRAINING | TRAINING
🗑
|
||||
| What is the maximal oxygen consumption? What the only way to change it? | Max oxygen use level; doesn't increase normally
🗑
|
||||
| Training: | Increase max stroke volume and cardiac output by increasing oxygen consumption
🗑
|
||||
| HYPERTENSION | HYPERTENSION
🗑
|
||||
| Why does hypertension happen? | Increased TPR from increased arteriolar constriction
🗑
|
||||
| What is the most common hpertension type? What happens there? Why? | Primary hypertension; caused by increased arteriolar constriction; we don't know why they increase
🗑
|
||||
| HEART FAILURE | HEART FAILURE
🗑
|
||||
| HWhen does heart failure occur? | Decreased contractility --> Not enough CO
🗑
|
||||
| What does an increase in diastolic volume do to systolic volume? | Increases it
🗑
|
||||
| What does heart failure lead to? | Makes kidneys retain fluid and increases capillary pressure
🗑
|
||||
| What does the capillary pressure increase lead to? | edema and filtration
🗑
|
||||
| What does edema at the ankle mean? | Right heart failure
🗑
|
||||
| What does pulmonary edema mean? | Left ventricle failure
🗑
|
||||
| CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE | CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
🗑
|
||||
| Infarction: | Complete coronary artery block
🗑
|
||||
| What can cause acute death from a heart attack? | V-fib
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
talkglitter2486