Muscle I
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is smooth muscle? | Surrounds hollow cavities and tubes
🗑
|
||||
| Which is responsible for bronchodialition and contstriction/ | Smooth
🗑
|
||||
| What links bones to muscles? | Tendons
🗑
|
||||
| What is a straition? | A banding pattern when viewed in microscope
🗑
|
||||
| What causes it? | thich and thin filaments that are organized into bundles
🗑
|
||||
| What are those bundles called? | myofibrils
🗑
|
||||
| What is a sarcomere? | One unit of repeat in a myofibril
🗑
|
||||
| What composes thich filments? | myosin
🗑
|
||||
| Thin filaments? | Actin and troponin and tropomyosin
🗑
|
||||
| What is the A band? Its shade? | Thich filaments located in middle of each sarcomere; it is dark
🗑
|
||||
| What filaments composes a sarcomere? | Two thin filaments
🗑
|
||||
| How are they anchored? | One end overlaps thick filament, the other hangs on the z-line
🗑
|
||||
| What is the Z-line? | Defines a sarcomere; from one z-line to another = 1 sarcomere
🗑
|
||||
| What are cross bridges? | Portions of myosin that extend from thick toward thin filaments
🗑
|
||||
| What happens when a force produces shortening of skeletal muscle fiber? | Cross bridgles push/pull thin filaments towards center WITH NO SHORTENING OF THE THICK OR THIN FILAMENTS
🗑
|
||||
| How many cross bridges does it take to move a thin filament? | Many; remember, you're in a 3D world
🗑
|
||||
| What are the two contractile proteins on which the muscle depends on to generate force and movement? | Actin and mysoin
🗑
|
||||
| Which is the thick filament? | myosin
🗑
|
||||
| Which is the thin? | Actin
🗑
|
||||
| What does the globular head of myosin contain? | A binding site for actin and an site to split ATP
🗑
|
||||
| What kind of protein is actin? | A globular protein
🗑
|
||||
| What prevents the cross-bridge from interacting with actin molecule when muscle is relaxing? | Treptomyosin
🗑
|
||||
| What are the four steps of cross-bridge cycling? | Attach cross-bridge to thin filament, move cross bridge to make thin filament move, detach cross-bridge from thin filament in relaxation, get cross bridge in position to do it again
🗑
|
||||
| SLIDING FILAMENT MODEL | SEE FIG. 9-8
🗑
|
||||
| First step: | 1. Increase calcium in cell
🗑
|
||||
| Why? | B/c calcium binds to troponin to cause it to change shape to expose actin
🗑
|
||||
| Second: | Use ATP to make cross bridge to change shape to pull on actin
🗑
|
||||
| What does this lead to? | -->contraction of sarcomere
🗑
|
||||
| When would rigor mortis arise? | In the absence of ATP
🗑
|
||||
| Why? | We can't release actin-->no movement
🗑
|
||||
| Where does hydrolysis of ATP occur? | In resting muscle cell
🗑
|
||||
| How would ATP set up muscle reaction to happen again? | It binds to myosin to dissociated cross bridges bound to actin
🗑
|
||||
| MEAT AND POTATOES | MEAT AND POTATOES
🗑
|
||||
| Why don't we have excitation all the time in muscles? | B/c in a resting muscle, tropomyosin is bound to actin, so cross bridges can't bind to actin filaments
🗑
|
||||
| So what do we do to get movement? | We increase calcium ions in body
🗑
|
||||
| What do the increase in calcium ions lead to? | They bind to troponin on thin filaments and make troponin change shape
🗑
|
||||
| What does this change in shape of troponin lead to? | Moves tropomyosin, which exposes the actin
🗑
|
||||
| How do we get to an increase in calcium, then? | AP makes SR, which stores calcium, to release some
🗑
|
||||
| What does the SR wrap around? | T-tubules
🗑
|
||||
| So, we're done with the excitation, how do we get the muscle to relax? | Using ATP, we get calcium in SR via ATPase pump
🗑
|
||||
| NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION | JUNCTION
🗑
|
||||
| What are motor neurons? | Myelinated nerve cells that go to skeletal muscles
🗑
|
||||
| How many motor neurons does a neuron innevervate? | Several at a single specific stie
🗑
|
||||
| What composes a motor unit? | neuron with fiber it innervates
🗑
|
||||
| What is the motor end plate? | region of muscle that is below axon terminal
🗑
|
||||
| What neurotransmitter is released at neuromuscular junction? | ACh
🗑
|
||||
| Where does it bind? | motor end plate
🗑
|
||||
| What does it lead to? | opening of ion channels to let in Na and K
🗑
|
||||
| What does this lead to? | depolarization of the ned plate membrane
🗑
|
||||
| MEAT AND POTATOES | MEAT AND POTATOES
🗑
|
||||
| What do we need to stop action of cell/ | ATP to get calcium back into sarcolemma and ACh breakdown
🗑
|
||||
| INHIBITION OF NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION TRANSMISSION | PROBLEMS
🗑
|
||||
| Curare causes what? | binds to Ach receptors, but doesn't activate them, so Ach not degraded-->paralysis
🗑
|
||||
| Pesticides and nerve gas? | Ach not degraded, muscle stayes depolarized--> paralysis
🗑
|
||||
| What does botox do? | Blocks release of Ach
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
talkglitter2486