growth children values
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| factors that influence growth | genes, brain, hormones, nutrition, SES, season, disease, stress
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| different ways to define age & growth | chronological, height & weight, bone age, dental age, sexual age (Tanner stages), mental age (Bayley, IQ)
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| normal growth infant | 1 oz/day
initial weight loss of 10% at birth
wt doubles by 4-5 months & triples by 1 year
grow 25 cm (10 inches) in first year of life)
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| normal growth | rate decrease in 2nd year of life to 12 cm/yr (5 inc), to 8 cm in 3rd yr (3 inch). from 3-puberty: 4.5 cm-7 cm/year Weight gain slows to 2-3 kg/yr
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| head circumference growth | 1cm/2wk from birth to 2 months; 1cm/month for next 3-6 months; 0.5cm/month next 6-12 months
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| weight gain newborn & infant | 4-7 oz/wk for first month; average 1-2 lb (.5-1 kg)/month for first 6mth; 1 lb (0.5kg) from 6mth to 1 yr
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| height gain newborn & infant | at birth average length: 20 inch (50 cm) grow 1 inch/mth (2.5 cm) first 6mth; 0.5 inch/mth from 6mth-1 yr
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| head circumference | average newborn 33-36cm
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| Barlow maneuver | physical examination performed on infants to screen for developmental dysplasia of the hip
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| positive Barlow | performed by adducting the hip (bringing the thigh towards the midline) while applying light pressure on the knee, directing the force posteriorly.If the hip is dislocatable - that is, if the hip can be popped out of socket
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| ortolani maneuver | flexing the hips and knees of a supine infant to 90 degrees, then with the examiner's index fingers placing anterior pressure on the greater trochanters, gently and smoothly abducting the infant's legs using the examiner's thumbs.
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| positive ortolani | A positive sign is a distinctive 'clunk' which can be heard and felt as the femoral head relocates anteriorly into the acetabulum
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