cardiomyopathies for echo quiz

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2 Types of Cardiomyopathy:

Primary and Secondary

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3 Categories of Cardiomyopathy:

1. Hypertrophic 2. Dilated/Congestive 3. Restrictive/Infiltrative

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3 Characteristics of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy:

1) Hypertrophic myocardium 2) Hyperdynamic function 3) Non-dilated ventricles

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3 Types of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy:

1. Non-obstructive (HCM) 2. Provocable Hypertrophic 3. Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM)

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3 Types of LV Hypertophy:

1. Asymmetrical Septal (ASH) 2. Concentric 3. Mid-ventricular

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Etiology of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy -- 3 Types:

Congenital, Idiopathic, Acquired ("CIA")

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2 HOCM Characteristics:

Systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the MV apparatus, Abnormal LV Hypertrophy

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5 Provocative Maneuvers:

1. Amyl nitrate 2. Valsalva maneuver 3. Hand grips 4. Passive leg elevation 5. Sudden squatting from a standing position

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4 Complications of HCM:

1. Endocarditis 2. Embolus 3. CHF 4. Sudden death

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3 Treatments for HCM:

1. Surgical myectomy 2. Septal Ablation 3. MV repair or replacement

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Most common form of cardiomyopathies:

Dilated/Congestive Cardiomyopathy

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Most common cause of cardiomyopathies:

Idiopathic

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7 Signs & Symptoms of Dilated CMO (cardiomyopathy):

1. CHF 2. Decreased cardiac output 3. Dysrhythmias 4. Regurgitant valves (always with dilated CMO) 5. Ischemia 6. Thrombus 7. Endocarditis (Rare complication)

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5 2D Criteria, Dilated CMO:

1. Gross dilatation of the heart 2. Globally decreased systolic and diastolic function 3. Spontaneous contrast (“smoke”) 4. Pericardial effusion 5. Thrombus

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Created by: lefut