Mendel
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| dominant trait | the trait that shows
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| recessive | the trait that does not show physically
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| how do parents transmit their traits to their offspring? | through genes
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| homozygous | two same copies of the gene
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| heterozygous | two different copies of the gene
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| law of segregation | piars of alleles separate when gametes form
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| alleles | alternative form of a gene
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| phenotype | the appearance of an individual
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| genotype | the genetic composition of an individual
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| principle of independent assortment | alleles of a pair segregate independently of other allele pairs during gamete formation
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| law of segregation | individuals are diploid; the alleles of a gene separate when forming gametes, and gametes combine randomly in forming offspring
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| law of independent assortment | alleles of genes located on different chromosomes (unlinked) are inherited independently
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