general surgery test wk 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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hepatomegaly | enlargement of the liver
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removal of the salivary gland | sialadenectomy
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pertaining to the throat | pharyngeal
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hernia of the rectum | rectocele
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surgical repair of the roof of the mouth | palatoplasty
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after meals | postprandial
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visual examination of the anal and rectal region | proctoscopy
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study of the cause | etiology
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incision of the common bile duct | choledochotomy
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pertaining to teeth and cheek | dentibuccal
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disease condition of the small intestine | enteropathy
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new opening between the common bile duct and the jejenum | choledochojejenumostomy
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pertaining to surrounding the anus | perianal
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new opening from the colon to the outside of the body | colostomy
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under the lower jaw | submanidular
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pertaining to the face | facial
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inflammation of the appendix | appendicitis
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inflammation of the large intesting | colitis
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inflammation of the passageway from the throat to the stomach | esophagitis
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inflammation of the membrane surrounding the abdomen | peritonitis
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inflammation of the gallbladder | cholycitis
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inflammation of the thrid part of the small intestine | ileitis
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inflammation of the pancreas | pancreaitis
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inflammation of the gums | gingevitis
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inflammtion of the liver | hepatitis
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inflammation of the mouth | stomatitis
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inflammation of the salivary glands | salandeitis
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inflammation of small and large intestines | enterocolitis
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ingestion | food material taken into mouth
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digestion | food breakdown and travels through tract
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2 types of digestion | mechanical-chewing
chemical- breakdown by enzymes
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absorption | digested food passes to the blodd stream through cells in the small intestine wall
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elimination | body eliminates solid waste that can't be absorbed into the blood
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deglutition | swallow
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mastication | chew
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oral pharynx | gate way to swallowing
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laryngo pharynx(gag reflex) | has tactile receptors that initiate esophagus to start involuntary paristalsis
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esophagus | 2 sets of muscles. uses contraction type movements to move the bolus down the tube
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outer layer of stomach | serosa
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serosa | fibrous/ dense connective tissue; supports shape
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2nd layer of stomach | musculara externa
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musculara externa | 3 muscle levels. longitudinal, oblique, lateral; together create churning motion
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chyme | stomach paste created by churning in the stomach
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inner layer of stomach | rugae
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rugae | folds in stomach; thick mucosa lining; protects stomach from hydrochloric acid
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duodenum | 10 in long; has brunners glands that secrete bicarbinate fluid. recieves bile and pancreatic juices from biliary tract
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liver | serves as filter for blood and gi tract; produces bile
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gallbladder | stores bile
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pancreas | endocrine and exocrine. produces insulin, glucagon, and pancreatic juices
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jejenum | 7 1/2 ft long, most of chemical digestion; some absorption
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ileum | 10-10 1/2 ft long; absorption
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cecum | RUQ; appendix connects to it
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hepatic fixture | where ascending colon becomes transverse
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splenic fixture | transver colon becomes descending colon
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ascending colon | absorb fluid and electrolytes
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transverse colon | has goblet cells that produces mucous to help trap waste and form feces
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descending colon | fecal matter is formed
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sigmoid colon | shaped like an s; uses convayer like motions that move feces into rectum
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rectum | collects and recieves stool
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anus | last sphincter in the gi tract, stool expelled; both voluntary and involuntary
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dorsal messentary | provides blood supply to intestine; transports artery's and veins and lymphatics
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4 intestinal layers | serosa, muscularus externa, submucosa, mucosa
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muscularus externa | circular muscles- sqeeze
longitudinal muscles- pull...creates peristalisis
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mucosa | contain villi
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villi | increase absorption area; each has brush borders to help trap nutrients
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tineacoli | tough tissue band that provides shape of large intestine
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haustra | pouches in intestine; maintain contour
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falciform ligament | divides greater lobe and lesser lobe in liver
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alpha cells | glucagon; before meal
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beta cells | insulin; after meal
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delta cells | somatostatin; after digestion
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cck (cholecystokinin) | in duodenum; causes gallbladder and pancreas to contract to start the digestive process in intestine
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ventral messentary | stores extra fat in stomach; also encases lymphatic tissue and blood vessels
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myenteric plexis | nerve group in intestines
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Created by:
a1h12
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