www.pharmteacher.com ANTIDEPRESSANTS for PT
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on it to display the answer.
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| State the mechanism of action of the SNRIs: | inhibit reuptake of serotonin & norepinephrine into CNS nerve terminals
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| List the SNRI antidepressants: | duloxetine (Cymbalta), venlafaxine (Effexor), desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
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| List the side effects of SNRIs: | insomnia, nervousness, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome, physical dependence/withdrawal symptoms, dry mouth, anorexia, CV effects (HTN, tachycardia)
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| State the mechanism of action of the SSRIs: | inhibit reuptake of serotonin into CNS nerve terminals
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| List the SSRI antidepressants: | fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), citalopram (Celexa), paroxetine (Paxil)
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| List the side effects of the SSRIs: | insomnia, nervousness, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome, physical dependence/withdrawal symptoms
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| State the mechanism of action of the TCAs: | inhibit reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, & dopamine into CNS nerve terminals
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| List the TCA antidepressants: | amitriptyline (Elavil) is the one I asked you to know
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| List the side effects of the TCAs: | drowsiness, sedation, sexual dysfunction, physical dependence/withdrawal symptoms, anticholinergic side effects, CV effects (HTN & tachycardia), orthostatic hypotension
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| State the mechanism of action of the MAO-inhibitors: | inhibit breakdown of serotonin, norepinephrine, & dopamine in the CNS nerve synapses and inhibit tyramine breakdown in intestines
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| This SNRI is specifically FDA approved to treat fibromyalgia pain: | duloxetine (Cymbalta)
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| Which class of antidepressants has the LEAST cardiac effects? | SSRIs (The TCAs & SNRIs have more because they both affect norepinephrine)
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| Which class of antidepressants is most likely to cause orthostatic hypotension, sedation, & anticholinergic side effects? | TCAs
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| Which class of antidepressants is most likely to worsen dementia? | TCAs
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| List symptoms of serotonin syndrome | hypo/hypertension, agitation, muscle tightness & twitching, hyperthermia, shivering, tachycardia & other arrhythmias, seizures, coma and death
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| List the general therapeutic uses of the antidepressants: | anxiety (generalized anxiety, phobic disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder), premenstrual dysphoric disorder, bulimia, Tourette's syndrome, bipolar disease, neuropathic pain (diabetic peripheral neuropathy pain, post-herpetic neuralgia/shingles pain)
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| This antidepressant causes sedation (take at bedtime): | trazodone (Desyrel) and mirtazepine (Remeron) and all the TCAs
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| Which antidepressants have life-threatening food interactions? | MAO-inhibitors (tyramine containing foods)
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| This antidepressant is used for smoking cessation: | bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban)
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| This antidepressant can be problematic for older men with BPH: | TCAs (because of their anticholinergic side effects – urinary retention)
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| This antidepressant causes weight gain and drowsiness as side effects (take at bedtime): | mirtazepine (Remeron)
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| About how long does it take for antidepressants to take effect? | several weeks (3 – 4 weeks)
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| Are antidepressants addictive? | No, antidepressants do not cause psychological dependence. However, they can cause physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms so should not be stopped suddenly
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| Describe the general treatment for generalized anxiety disorders: | daily antidepressant (buspirone) with or without a prn benzodiazepine for acute/breakthrough anxiety
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| This drug is used specifically for anxiety only and is NOT an antidepressant or benzodiazepine: | buspirone (Buspar)
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