Anat and phys Marieb chap 24 quiz
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| A young athlete is admitted to the hospital with diarrhea, vomiting, bone and joint pain, hyperglycemia, and tingling sensations. What is the problem? | overdose of vitamin or mineral supplements
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| Carbohydrates can be converted into nucleic acid T/F | False (amino acid true)
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| Proteins are essential for production of energy T/F | False (enzymes hormones hemoglobin true)
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| The amino acid pool is the body’s total supply of amino acids in the body’s proteins T/F | False
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| A negative nitrogen balance occurs when protein breakdown excels protein synthesis T/F | True
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| The most abundant dietary lipids in the diets of most Americans are triglycerides. T/F | True
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| The body is considered to be in nitrogen balance when the amount of nitrogen ingested in lipids equals the amount excreted in urine. T/F | False (protein breakdown equals synthesis True)
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| The body requires adequate supplies of only three minerals (calcium, sodium, chloride) and trace amounts of all others. T/F | False (several minerals)
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| A deficit of potassium can cause rickets. T/F | False (calcium True)
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| ______ is a Ten-step enzymatically driven process that converts glucose into pyruvic acid | glycolysis
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| Small amounts of ATP are formed by _____ | Substrate level phosphorylation
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| During glucose oxidation, pyruvic acid decomposes to CO2 in the ______ | Kreb’s cycle
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| The _______ produces the most ATP generation during cellular respiration and requires oxygen | electron transport chain
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| Anabolism includes reactions in which ________. | larger molecule
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| Oxidation reduction reactions may involve the loss of hydrogen and electrons T/F | True
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| In the electron transport chain, ATP is formed by _________ | oxidative phosphorylation
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| Lipogenesis occurs when ATP and glucose levels are low T/F | False
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| Gluconeogenesis is the process in which ________. | glucose is formed from noncarbohydrate precursors
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| In gluconeogenesis, during the postabsorptive state, amino acids and ________ are converted to glucose. | clycerol
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| Proteins yield the highest amount of energy per gram when metabolized T/F | False (fats True)
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| Glycolysis relies on substrate-level oxidation for the four ATP produced in this pathway. T/F | False
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| Most of the ATP are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation. T/F | False
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| Most ATP from cellular respiration are produced directly in the Krebs cycle. T/F | False
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| Oxidation of FADH2 eventually yields four ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. T/F | True
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| The process of splitting glucose through a series of steps that produces two pyruvic acid molecules is called ________. | glycolysis
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| Glycolysis is a series of six chemical steps, most of which take place in the mitochondria. T/F | False (10 true)
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| Glycolysis is a series of six chemical steps, most of which take place in the mitochondria. T/F | false (little protein)
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| arbohydrate and fat pools are oxidized directly to produce cellular energy, but amino acid pools must first be converted to a carbohydrate intermediate before being sent through cellular respiration pathways. T/F | True
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| Glycogen is formed in the liver during the ________. | absorptive state
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| As the body progresses from the absorptive to the postabsorptive state, only the ________ continues to burn glucose while every other organ in the body mostly switches to fatty acids. | Brain
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| Absorption of glucose from the GI tract is a source of glucose during the postabsorptive state T/F | False
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| The omega-3 fatty acids have a powerful antiarrhythmic effect on the heart and also make blood platelets less sticky, thus helping to prevent spontaneous clotting, and they lower blood pressure. T/F | True
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| Chopping wood on a hot but breezy afternoon, John stumbled into the house and immediately fainted. His T-shirt was wringing wet with perspiration, pulse was faint and rapid. heat stroke or heat exhaustion? What should you do to help John's recovery? | Heat exhaustion. To help his recovery, he should be given fluid and electrolyte replacement therapy and should be cooled down.
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| Vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels is a heat loss mechanism T/F | False (dilation true)
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