Anat and phys Marieb chap 23 quiz
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| Mrs. Wong emergency room with the symptoms: severe pain in the umbilical region, loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting. While she was waiting to see a doctor, the pain moved to the lower right abdominal quadrant. What is the diagnosis and treatment? | The diagnosis is appendicitis. The treatment is immediate surgical removal of the appendix.
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| The chemical and mechanical processes of food breakdown are called ________. | digestion
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| Which of the following is an essential role played by large intestine bacteria? | synthesize vitamin K and B-complex vitamins
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| The pharyngeal-esophageal phase of swallowing is involuntary and is controlled by the swallowing center in the thalamus and lower pons. T/F | false
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| Chemical digestion reduces large complex molecules to simpler compounds by the process of ________. | catabolism
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| The sheets of peritoneal membrane that hold the digestive tract in place are called ________. | mesenteries
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| The capillaries that nourish the epithelium and absorb digested nutrients lie in the ________. | lamina propria
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| The layer of the digestive tube that contains blood vessels, lymphatic nodules, and a rich supply of elastic fibers is the ________. | submucosa
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| Which of the following are types of papillae on the tongue that contain taste buds? | filliform fungiform circumvallate
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| The pancreas has both an endocrine and an exocrine function. T/F | True
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| The major stimulus for production of intestinal fluid is distention or irritation of the intestinal mucosa by hypertonic or acidic chyme. T/F | True
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| Chyme is created in the _____ | stomach
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| Gastrin, histamine, endorphins, serotonin, cholecystokinin, and somatostatin are hormones or paracrines that are released directly into the lamina propria. Which of the following cell types synthesize and secrete these products? | enteroendocrine
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| Gastrin is a digestive hormone that is responsible for the stimulation of acid secretions in the stomach. These secretions are stimulated by the presence of ________. | protein and peptide fragments
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| ________ is (are) not important as a stimulus in the gastric phase of gastric secretion. | carbohydrates
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| Hormones or paracrines that inhibit gastric secretion include ________. | secretin
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| All the chemical and mechanical phases of digestion from the mouth through the small intestine are directed toward changing food into forms that can pass through the epithelial cells lining the mucosa into the underlying blood and lymphatic vessels. T/F | True
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| A 45-year-old patient was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of cirrhosis of the liver. He is thin and malnourished, but his abdomen is very large, and his lower extremities are very swollen. Why did these physical changes occur? | Cirrhosis is characterized by extensive degeneration and destruction of the liver parenchymal cells, replaced with scar tissue. When the scar tissue shrinks, portal hypertension results and edema and ascites in the abdomen are the clinical manifestations.
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| Which organ has a main function to filter and process the nutrient rich blood delivered to it | liver
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| Which organ contains brush border enzymes that complete the digestion of carbs and proteins | small and large intestines
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| Which organ produces intrinsic factor | stomach
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| Which hormone causes an increased output of enzyme-rich pancreatic juice and stimulates gallbladder contraction to release bile? | cholecystokinin (CCK)
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| Hepatocytes do not ________. | produce digestive enzymes
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| Pancreatic amylase does not get to the small intestine via the ________. | cystic duct
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| Dentin anchors the tooth in place T/F | False
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| Which of the following enzymes is specific for proteins? | trypsin
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| ________ is the principal enzyme for breaking down carbohydrates. | amylase
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| Richard is told by his family doctor that he is bleeding from either the colon or the rectum, and he should see a specialist as soon as possible. Which specialist should he go see? | proctologist
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| ______ and ______ are absorbed mostly by the duodenum. | iron, calcium
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| Saliva contains enzymes that begin the breakdown of proteins T/F | False
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| Chemical digestion in the small intestine involves ________. | cholecystokinin (CCK), an intestinal hormone responsible for gallbladder contraction
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| After a meal high in fat ______ would be released from the gallbladder to emulsify the fat in the _____ | bile, duodenum
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| Peyer’s patches destroy _____ | bacteria
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