Ch 1 Q #151-200 Medical Assisting Review CMA Exam
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| The finest gauge of suture material is referred to as | 11-0 (11 aught)
(The guage (diameter)of the suture material varies from extremely fine designated by zeros to very coarse designated by whole numbers).
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| A type of structure in which the surgeon ties each stitch seperately is called | Interrupted
(The interuppted stich is used most often in the doctor's office because it offers less trauma to the tissue and is easier to remove.
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| Movement that flexes the foot toward the sole is | Planter flexion
(It is the movement that flexes the foot toward the sole (underpart of the foot) so that the forepart of the foot is lower than the ankle).
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| Ankle movement that turns the foot inward is | Inversion
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| Inflammation of bone and cartilage is | Osteochondritis
(it is a combined word form meaning inflammation [-itis] of the bone [oste/o-] and cartlidge [chondr/o-]).
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| Gigantism, acromegaly, and dwarfism are caused by | disturbances of the endocrine system
(specifically the pituitary gland), caused by the abnormal level of growth hormone. Gigantism=high level before puberty, acromegaly=high level after puberty, dwarfism=low level before puberty.
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| Of the following, an example of a malignant osteogenic tumor is | Osteosarcoma
(oste/o- = bone; -sarcoma, cancer arising from connective tissue, such as muscle or bone).
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| Abnormal hardness of the bone is | Osteosclerosis
combined word form: oste/o- = bone; -sclerosis = hardness.
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| Inflammation of the joints is | arthritis
is the principal group of diseases of the joints (arthr-, joint; -itis, inflammation).
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| The surgical breaking of a bone is called | osteoclasis
for the purpose of remedy of a deformity (osteo-, bone; -clasis, breaking).
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| The reconstruction or repair of a bone is called | osteoplasty
(oste/o-, bone; -plasty, form)
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| The excision of a bone is | ostectomy
The combined word form is oste/o-, bone; -ectomy, excision).
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| The slender, horseshoe-shaped bone below the mandible to which the tongue and other muscles are attached that may be felt just above the adam's apple, or laryngeal prominence, is the | hyoid bone
(It supports the tongue, and certain muscles that help in moving the tongue and swallowing are attached to it.
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| The bones that form the checks are called | zygomatic or malar bones
(they also form the lateral walls and floors of the orbits for the eyes).
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| The number of cervical vertibrae is | 7
(they form the neck and are labeled as C1 through C7 [C, cervical).
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| The xiphoid process is part of the | sternum
(i.e. breastbone, which is the long flat bone in the middle of the front of the ribcage).
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| The bone on the outer or thumb side of the forearm is called the | radius
(remember the anatomic position, in which the thunbs are held outward).
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| The bones of the fingers are called | phalanges
(as are the bones of the toes).
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| The longest strong bone in the skeleton system is the | femur
(at it's proximal end, it has a rounded head that fits into a depression in the hipbone to form the acetabulum bone).
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| The muscle that compresses the cheeks and retracts the angles of the mouth is the | buccinator muscle
(there are seven different muscles that perform movement around the mouth region. They are activated by facial nerve CN VII (cranial nerve VII).
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| What cell in the bone marrow gives rise to all types of blood cells | stem cell
(They undergo mitosis to produce all types of blood cells, both red and white).
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| The quickest way for the working medical assistant to know the set-ups and medications for complicated or seldom performed surgical procedures is | prepare a written procedure manual
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| Phenyketonuria (PKU)is an inherited disorder that if left untreated will cause | mental retardation
(caused by limiting dietary intake of phenylalanine during childhood).
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| Muscles are named by a variety of methods. Which of the following is NOT a method used to name muscles? | physician who first described the muscle
(they are named for the qualities that describe them.
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| Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle tissue? | clavicle
(commonly known as the collar bone).
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| The muscle that seperates the thoracic and abdominal cavities is the | diaphram
(it is a strong dome-shaped muscle that seperates the abdominal and thoracic cavities).
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| The upper arm muscle named for it's shape often the site of injections, that abducts and rotates the arm is the | deltoid
(it is assisted by the supraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres major in moving the arm).
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| The bicheps brachii muscle | flexes the forearm and assists in supination
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| Bursitis is caused by inflammation of the | bursa
(closed fluid-filled sacs associated with freeley moning joints).
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| A chemical messenger that has a specific regulatory effect on target tissue(s) or organs is a/an | hormone
(hormones have precise regulatory effect on certain target cells, tissues, or organs in the body).
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| A chronic disease characterized by muscular weakness and frequently affecting the face and throat is | Myasthenia gravis
(frequently affected muscles are those of the face, eyelids, larynx, and throat, producing the "hatchet-face" appearance).
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| An example of a condyloid joint that permits a variety of movements in different directions is | finger and toe joints
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| Lumbar punctures are performed by inserting a fine needle between L4 and L5 (the fourth and fifth lumbar vertabrae) and withdrawing fluid from the subarachnoid space to | perform any of the above
(obtain cerebrospinal fluid [CSF], determine CSF pressure, detect hemorrhage in the central nervous system [CNS] or treat a CNS disorder
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| Paralysis of both arm and legs is | quadriplegia
(quad-, four, -plegia, paralysis or palsy).
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| A paralysis caused by a brain lesion, such as a tumor, or most commonly by a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) is | hemiplegia
(paralysis of the right or left half of the body and occurs on the side opposite the brain damage).
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| Pain over the course of a nerve is | neuralgia
(The combining word form is neur-, nerve and -algia, pain).
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| A irreversible coma ia also known as | brain death
(is when a flat encephalogram (signifying no brain activity), no spontaneous movement or breathing, and no response to stimuli).
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| The first cranial nerve (olfactory) is concerned with | sense of smell
(it is designated as cranial nerve one [CN I]).
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| The surgical joining of nerve ends is called | neuroanastomosis
(This is a combined worm form (neur/o-, nerve;
anastomosis, new surgical connection between segments of an organ).
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| M | an auditory nerve disorder
(an interacranial disorder that can lead to progressive deafness, It is specifically a disorder of the labryrinth of the inner ear).
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| An example of a superficial reflex is the | plantar reflex
(stroking elicited by the plantar surface (bottom) of the foot, which is stroking of the foot.
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| A disease that may cause change in the shapes of the shapes of the valvular cusps of the heart and a consequent murmur is | endocarditis
(is an inflammation of the endocardium [inside lining] of the heart).
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| The red color from blood derives from | hemoglobin
(the oxygen carrier of the red blood cells.The color varies from bright red in the arteries when the red blood cells are well oxygenated to dark red in the veins when the red blood cell oxygen concentration is low).
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| Although the volume of blood in the body varies, a male weighing 150 pounds will have an approximate blood volume of | 5 liters
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| The organ that serves as a reservoir for blood for use when the need arises is the | spleen
(a saclike mass of lymphatic tissue).
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| The mitral valve is also called the | bicuspid valve
(This valve is located on the left side of the heart and has two flaps, or cusps. It regulates the flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle).
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| The largest artery in the body is the | aorta
(It's extends from the left ventricle, arches to the left over the heart, creating the aortic arch, and descends medially downward towards the trunk of the body).
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| The veins in the body that carry the highest concentration of oxygenated blood are the | pulmonary veins
(they are the only veins that carry oxygeninated blood).
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| From the right ventricle of the heart, blood is forced into the | pulmonary artery
(it gives rise to the left and right pulmonary arteries).
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