Embryology development of nervous system NWHSU
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| Besides ganglia, Schwann cells, and the cartilages of the branchial arches, list 4 derivative of the neural crest. | melanocytes, odontoblasts (that's dentin!), small contribution to pia and arachnoid, chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla
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| The thalamus and hypothalamus develop from what embryonic components? Include secondary brain vesicle and plate(s). | alar plate of diencephalon
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| Component that forms astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, but not ependymal cells. | gliablast
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| Primordium for the cerebellum | rhombic lips of the metencephalon
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| Functional classification (use 3 letters) of the columns in the basal plate of the myelencephalon. | GSE, SVE, GVE
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| Functional classification of the columns in the basal plate of the metencephalon. | GSE, SVE, GVE
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| Functional classification of the columns in the basal plate of the mesencephalon. | GSE, GVE
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| Brain vesicle which forms only the pons and crebellum. | metencephalon
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| Briefly discuss how the dorsal roots of spinal nerves develop. | from neural crest
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| What develops form the corpus striatum? | future caudate and lenticular nuclei
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| The primordium of the cerebral cortex. | pallium
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| The epithalamus develops from what embryonic components? | roof plate of diencephalon
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| The bilateral longitudinal groove in the developing spinal cord used to separate basal and alar plates. | sulcus limitans
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| Briefly discuss the differentiation of the microglia. | from mesenchyme
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| Myelination in the spinal cord begins about ____ month of fetal development. Additional at birth, the cord ends at the ____ vertebral level. | 4th; L3
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| Anomaly produced when any area of the neural tube fails to close; nervous tissue remains flattened and exposed to surface. | rachischisis
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| Anomaly usually due to aqueductal stenosis. | hydrocephalus
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| Neurulation occurs mainly during the 5th week. | False
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| The anterior neuropore closes about day 25. | True
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| The posterior neuropore closes about day 25. | False
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| Lack of brain tissue is ______. | anencephaly
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| The mantle layer gives rise to the ____. | neuroblasts and gliablasts (gray matter)
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| What forms the white matter? | Marginal layer - axons of neuroblasts and gliablasts
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| The last neuroepithelial layer to form. | ependymal layer
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| What functional classifications are found in the basal plates of the spinal cord? | GSE
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| What functional classifications are found in the alar plates of the spinal cord? | GSA, GVA
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| Where does the lateral horn of spinal cord form? | junction of basal and alar plates
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| Cranial nerves found in mesencephalon. | CN 3 and 4
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| Cranial nerves found in metencephalon. | CN 5, 6, 7
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| Cranial nerves found in myelencephalon. | CN 9 and 10
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| How is the 4th ventricle created? | Myelencephalon lateral walls rotatate during development to form the cavity or lumen.
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| Functional classification of the columns in the alar plate of the myelencephalon. | GVA, SVA(gustatory), GSA and SSA on lateral position
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| What forms from cells migrating from alar plate to the basal plate of the myelencephalon. | olivary nuclei
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| Describe how pontine nuclei are formed. | Cells from alar plates in metencephalon migrate ventrally inter basal plates.
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| What forms from the axons growing from pontine nuclei to the cerebellum? | middle cerebellar peduncles
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| Functional classification of the columns in the alar plate of the metencephalon. | GVA, SVA, GSA and SSA (lateral column)
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| Do the cells of substantia nigra and red nucleus arise from alar plate of mesencephalon? | No, the basal plate (according to Wallace not Langman)
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| What components comprise the epithalamus? | habenular nuclei, epiphysis, havenular commissure, and posterior commissure
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| Describe the structure of the diencephalon. | A roof plate and two alar plates; lacks floor and basal plates.
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| What are the hypothalamic derivatives of the diencephalon? | mammillary bodies and neurohypophysis
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| Components of telencephalon? | cerebral hemispheres including basal nuclei, lateral ventricles, interventricular foramina, lamina terminalis
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| How do cerebral hemispheres begin? | During the 5th week a bilateral evagination of the lateral wall of the prosencephalon.
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| What arises from increase of axons of cerebral cortex? | internal capsule
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| The internal capsule splits the corpus striatum into ____. | caudate and lenticular nuclei
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| The putamen and globus pallidus arise from ____. | lenticular/lentiform nucleus
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| When is the insula formed? | 7 months
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