Presentation 4
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| how many covalent bonds does a carbon atom have? | 4
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| organic compounds | compounds that contain carbon
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| hydrocarbon | simplest organic compounds, only contain hydrogen and carbon
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| organic molecule | consists of a carbon-based core w/functional groups attached
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| functional groups | groups of atoms that participate in chemical reactions
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| 4 kinds of macromolecules | carbohydrates, lipids, protein, nucleic acids
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| polymers | most of the large molecules in living things. Long chains of smaller molecular units called monomers
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| monomers | small molecular units that make up polymers
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| dehydration synthesis | process that makes macromolecules
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| hydrolysis | process that break down macromolecules
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| carbohydrates | provide building materials and energy storage; molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio, are of two main types: simple carbo and complex carbo
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| monosaccharides | consist of one subunit
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| C6H12O6 | glucose and fructose isomers
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| glucose | blood sugar, the immediate source of energy for cellular respiration
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| two kinds of simple carbohydrates | 1) monosaccharides 2)Disaccharides
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| disaccharides | consist of two subunits
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| polysaccharides | complex carbohydrates
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| examples of complex carbohydrates | starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin
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| starch | provides energy storage in plants
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| glycogen | provides energy storage in animal
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| cellulose | found in cell walls of plants
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| chitin | found in cell walls of fungi
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| complext carbo soluble in water? | no
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| mono and disaccharide sugars soluble in water? | yes
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