Presentation 1-3
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| Reproductive cloning | embroy is implanted in a surrogate mother
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| therapeutic cloning | produce embryonic stem cells
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| embryo | human offspring in initial developmental stage; stages following conception up to the end of the 8th week.
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| blastocyst | embyronic stage
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| homeostasis | in response to changes in external conditions, ex: temp. regulation
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| metabolism | chemical activity that provides nutrient and energy to substain life
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| 3 levels that living things function and interaction at | cellular level, organismal level, population level
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| Emergent properties | new properties emerge as a result of interactions among components at the lower level
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| True of false, all forms of life have DNA as their genetic blue print | True
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| Inductive Reasoning | Study specific cases to discover the general principals
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| Deductive Reasoning | use general principals to explain specific observation
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| theory | set of hypotheses that have been tested many times and not rejected.
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| Where does the emergence of biological function starts at? | at the chemical level; everything an organism is and does depends on chemistry.
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| What are the 4 naturally occurring elements in the human body? | oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen (OCHN)
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| what is matter made up of? | elements
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| Does different elements have different types of atom? | yes
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| what does an atom's nucleus contain? | protons and neutrons
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| How is an atom held together? | by attractions between the positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons
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| how much does a proton weigh? | 1 amu
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| how much does a neutron weigh? | bit more than 1 amu because it is thought of as one proton plus one electron
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| 3 kinds of chemical bonds? | ionic, covalent, hydrogen
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| What's stronger, ionic or covalent bonds? | covalent bonds
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| compound | two or more chemical elements combined in fixed ratios; example is sodium chloride (table salt). Made from ionic bonds
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| molecule | group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
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| hydrogen bonds | formed by the attraction betwn partially positive hydrogen atoms and partially neg. atoms like Oxygen, Nitrogen, or Fluorine
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| hydrogen weak or strong? | a single hydrogen bond is weak, but a great # of hydrogen bonds is strong
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| emergent properties of water | cohesion (adhesion), water moderates temp. change, ice floats, good solvent
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| cohesion | attraction of water molecules to other water molecules; surface tension
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| adhesion | attraction of water molecules to other polar molecules; capillary action allowing water to be pulled up a plant
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| why does water resist temp. change? | because the energy put in is first use to break hydrogen bond (which takes a lot of energy) and then the atoms speed up
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| water have high or low heat of vaporization? | HIGH
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| hydrophobic (water-fearing) | nonpolar molecules, do not form hydrogen bond, not soluble
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| ionization | spontaneous ion formation )
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| does water ionize commonly? | no, because the covalent bonds are so strong
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| pH of blood | 7.39-7.45
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| buffers | hydrogen ion reservoirs that take up or release H+ as needed
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