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Air,Space, and Solar

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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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The magnitude a star would have if viewed from 10 parasecs, 32.6 light years   Absolute Magnitude   Chunks of rocks, metal, an dice that orbit our sun, found mostly between Mars, and Jupiter, varying in size from boulders to small moons: also called planetesimalsor minor planets   Asteroids   A space explorer   Astronaut  
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The study of the universe beyond Earth's atmosphere   Astronomy   The shifting, glowing lights seen over the polar regions caused when enerized particles from the sun react with the particles in the Earth's upper atmosphere : the energized particles come from solar flares   Aurora   Imaginary line about which an object spins   Axis  
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Weather instrument that measures atmospheric pressure   Barometer   A pair of stars that orbits about a common center of gravity, also called double stars   Binary stars   A region of highly warped - time, around a collapsed massive star, in which the gravitational field is so strong that not even light can escape   Black hole  
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An object made of ice, dust and gas which orbits the sun with its tail of dust pointing away from the sun   comet   A group of stars that gives the appearance of a pattern when viewed from earth; there are at least 88 named ones   constellation   A concave indention in the surface of a planet or moon caused by the impact of a meteroid   crater  
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The outermost layer of soil on a planet or moon   Crust   When on celestial body blocks the view of another, such as when the moon blocks our view of the sun during a solar one   eclipse   A nuclear reaction in which nuclei are split releasing enormous amounts of energy; this infusion reactions alternate on stars until all of their fuel are consumed   fission  
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A nuclear reaction in which nuclei join together and form a larger nucleus; fission and these reactions alternate on stars until all of their fuels are consumed   fusion   The phase of the moon when all of the lighted half of the moon is facing earth   Full moon   Jupiter's first four moons discovered by Galileo: Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto   Galilean satellites  
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The force of attraction between objects   gravity   A system of grouping galaxies according to their shape, developed by Edwin Hubble   Hubble Classification   The four planets closest to the sun - Mercury, Venus, Earth & Mars   Inner Planets  
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The distance light travels in a vaccuum in one year - about 6 trillion miles, the standard distance of unit used by astronomers   A light year   When the sun, earth and moon are aligned in such a way that the moon is blocked from view on earth by earth's shadow   Lunar eclipse   Natural satellites that orbit planets   moon  
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A streak of light seen in the sky caused by the firing atmospheric friction from entry of a meteroid through earth's atmosphere; commonly called a shooting star or fire ball   meteor   The portion of a meteor that has survived the atmospheric friction and crashed into earth's surface   meteorite   An enormous cloud of interstellar dust and gases   nebula  
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A small dense star that resulted from a massive star which exploded as a supernova   neutron star   A star which suddenly flares up to 100,000 times it's brilliance before fading away over a period of months or years   nova   The five planets furthest from the sun - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto   Outer Planets  
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Large, heavenly, nonluminous body which revolves about a star   Planet   Places that house equipment that simulates the movements of teh universe   Planetariums   Rapidly-spinning neutron star which gives off regular bursts of radiation   Pulsar  
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Distant and luminous object probably about the size of a large star, which gives off energy equal to that of thousands of galaxies, believed to be at the core of active galaxies   Quasar   After about 10 million years, a yellow star enlarges and cools down, forming a red giant star; thus, red stars are older, larger and cooler than yellow stars   Red Giant   The movement of one body, in an elliptical path, around another   revolution  
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The spin of an object about its center line, the axis; celestial bodies spin on their axes   Rotation   Any small body orbiting a larger one   Satellite   When the earth, sun, and moon are aligned in such a way that the moon blocks all or most of the sun from view on part of the earth   Solar eclipse  
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The straem of energized particles given off by the sun   Solar wind   Instrument used for viewing the spectrum of a light source directly   Spectroscope   THe study of the spectra   Spectroscopy  
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Magnetic storm on the sun; it appears as a dark region on the sun because it is cooler than the surrounding area   Sunspot   THe explosion of a high-mass star   Supernova   An old, dense star that results after a red giant star consumes its fuel over a long period of time   White dwarf  
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THe point in the sky directly above the observer   Zenith   The middle layer of the sun's atmosphere between the phoosphere and the corona, made up of alrge cells of rising gas where fiery eruptions called spicules, flares, and prominences occur   Chromosphere   THe layer of the sun in which bubbling gases keep energy constatnly moving toward the surface; extends to within 100 miles from the surface   Convection zone  
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THe center of th esun, composed mostly of hydrogen and small amounts of helium and other gases, which fuels continuous fission and fusion reactions, releasin enormous amounts of energy   Core   The outermost layer of the sun's atmosphere, composed mostly of hydrogen and small amounts of helium and other gases; extends a few million miles into space   Corona   A fiery eruption in the chromosphere of the sun, can disturb radio transmission on Earth   flare  
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THe semitransparent inner layer of the sun's atmosphere made up of columns of rising gas called granular cells, forms the visible surface   Photosphere   Great clouds of gas, in the chromosphere of the sun, that form loops that extend for miles above the sun's surface   Prominence   THe most dense zone, located between teh core and the convection zone   Radiation Zone  
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A stream of energized particles that escapes from teh sun's coroana and "blows" outward into space   Solar wind   Fiery eruption in the chomosphere of the sun   Spicules   Temperature of the gases are cooler than those in the rest of the sun's surface; are thought to be magnetic storms on the sun's surface   sunspots  
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