Stack #63878
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| Gap Junction | cells connected that allows for a signal to be conducted from one cell to another
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| Paracrine | a messenger that stimulates a cell that is close to it
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| Autocrine | a messenger that stimulates itself
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| hormone | released from endocrine cells
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| Neurotransmitter | released into interstitial fluid from neurons
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| Neurons | nerve cells
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| cytokine | released by white blood cells
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| proteins are packaged by the... | golgi apparatus
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| carrier proteins | proteins that carry lipophilic hormones thru the blood stream
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| Lipophilic | fat soluble
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| lipophobic | water soluble
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| "g" protein | uses a 2nd messenger
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| tyrosine | used by the thyroid
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| cAMP | 2nd messenger involved in "g" protein linked receptors
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| synaptic vessicles | store neurotransmitters
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| synapse | connection between 2 neurons
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| cortisone | steroid
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| catacholamines | EPI, Norepi, dopamine
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| adenalyte cyclase | Activated by a "g" protein linked receptor
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| Adenalyte cyclase | converts ATP to cAMP
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| Protein Kinase | enzyme that activates a change in the phys of a cell
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| Homeostasis | controlled by the Nervous system and endocrine system
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| Amino Acids | Function as neurotransmitters in the brain and spinal chord - water soluble - lipophobic
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| Amines | modified amino acids - catacholamines, seratonin, thyroid and hisamine
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| Peptide and Protein messengers | chains of amino acids - lipophobic
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| steroid | lipid soluble messenger, made in smooth ER
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| Eicosanoids | Paracrines, prostoglandins, leukotrines & thromboxins
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| Amino acid synthesis | synthesized by glucose, stored until needed in vessicles
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| Amine synthesis... | synth in cytosol in rough ER, stored in vessicles packaged by Golgi Apparatus
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| Eicosanoid synthesis | Synth on demand, cannot be stored
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| Peptide & protein synthesis | stored until needed
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| Steroid synthesis | Cannot be stored, synthesized on demand
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| 1/2 life of a lipid | hours
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| 1/2 life of a lipophobic | minutes
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| 1/2 life | amount of time that it takes for 1/2 of the substance to degrade
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| signal transduction | where the receptors are on the cell membrane or inside it
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| Up regulation | more response needed = increased # of working receptors
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| down regulation | too much chemical = decreased # of working receptors
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| Paracrine | communicate with a neighbor cell
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| Autocrine | Acts on itself
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| Hormone | chemical released from an endocrine cell
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| Neurohormones | released by nerve impulses
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| cytokines | released from white blood cells
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Created by:
goodbunn