Nervous System KT
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| nervous system | a complex, highly organized system that coordinates all the activities of the body. This system enables the body to respond and adopt to changes that occur both inside and outside of the body
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| neuron | the basic structural unit of the nervous system. Its consisted of a cell body containing a nucleus, nerve fiber, which carries impulses away from the body cell
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| axon | a single nerve fiber, which contains impluses away from the body cell.
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| myelin sheath | the lipid fat that covers on axon
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| neotransmitters | special chemicals, located at the end of each axon, allow the nerve impulses to pass from one neuron to another
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| nerve | a combination of many nerve fibers located outside the brain and spinal cord
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| afferent | sensory, nerves carry messages from the brain and spinal cord
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| efferent | or motor, nerves carry from the brain and spinal cord to the muscle and glands
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| Associative nerve | a nerve that carries both sensory and motor messages
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| central nervous system | consists of the brain and spinal cord
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| PNS | consists of the nervous and has two divisions which are the somatic nerve system and the automatic nervous system
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| somatic nerve system | carries messages between the CNS and the body
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| automatic nervous system | contain the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, which work together to control involuntary body functions
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| brain | a mass of nerve tissue well protected by membranes and the cranium or skull
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| cerebrum | the largest and highest section of the brain the outer part of the cerebrum organized folds called convolutions and separated into lobes. Responsible for memory,thought,judgement,voluntary movement and the five senses
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| Cerebellum | the section below the cerebrum, its responsible for the muscle coordination, balance, posture and muscle tone
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| Diencephalon | the section located between the cerebrum and midbrain contains the structures: the thalamus and hypothalamus
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| thalamus | acts as reply center and directs sensory impluses to the cerebrum. it allows the body to recognize pain and temperature
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| hypothalamus | regulates and controls the automatic nervous system, temperature, appetite, water balance, and blood vessels. and also involved with in anger, fear, pleasure, pain, and affection
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| midbrain | the section located below the cerebrum at the top of the of the brain stem, it's responsible for conducting impulses between brain parts and for certain eyes and audiotory reflexes
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| Pons | the section located below the mid brain and in the brain stem. It is responsible for conducting messages to other parts of the brain, for certain reflexes actions including chewing, tasting, and saliva productions, and assisting with respiratory
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| medulla oblanagata | the lowest part of the brain stem. It is responsible for regulating heartbeat, respiration, swalloing, coughing, and blood pressure
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| spinal cord | continues down forward the medulla oblangata and ends at the first and second lumbar vertebrae. It is surrounded and protected by the vertebrae. It's responsible for many reflex actions and for carry messages up to the brain and motor messages.
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| meninges | three membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord
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| dura mater | the thick tough outer layer
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| arachnoid membrane | the middle layer is delicate and weblike
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| pia meter | closely attached to the brain and spinal cord and contains blood vessels that nourish the nerve tissue
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| ventricles | hollow spaces that connect with each other and with the space, under the arachnoid membrane
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| cerebraspinal fluid | the ventricles are filled with this fluid
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| choraid plexuses | special structures that are produced in the ventricles of the brain
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| arachoid villi | special structures that carry cerebrasspinal fluid come through the bloodstream. After circulatory, it is absorb into the the blood vessels of the dura mater and returned to the bloodstream through those structures
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