USMLE Rapid Review Pathology Classic Labs/Findings
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| AntiCentromere antibodies | Scleroderma (CREST)
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| Antidesmoglein (epithelial) antibodies, blistering | Pemphigus vulgaris
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| Anti-GBM Ab, glomerularnephritis and lung hemorrhage. | Goodpasture's syndrome
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| Antihistone Antibodies | Drug-induced SLE
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| Anti-IgG Antibodies (IgM against IgG), +RF, systemic inflammation, joint pannus, boutonniere deformity. | Rheumatoid arthritis
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| Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA's), female, cholestatsis, portal hypertension. | Primary biliary cirrhosis
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| Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) | Vasculitis (Wegener's: cANCA; Microscopic polyangiitis: pANCA; Pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis: pANCA; Churg-Strauss: pANCA)
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| Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs: anti-Smith and Anti-dsDNA), type III hypersensitivity | SLE
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| Antiplatelet antibodies, bleeding diathesis | Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
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| Anti-topoisomerase antibodies | Diffuse systemic scleroderma (not CREST)
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| Anti-transglutaminase/antigliadin antibodies, diarrhea, distention, weight loss, malabsorption, flattening of villi. | Celiac disease
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| Azurophilic granular needles in leukemic blasts, seen in AML (especially the promyelocytic type) | Auer rods
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| "Bamboo spine" on x-ray, chronic inflammation arthritis, HLA-B27 association, causes sacroiliitis, seronegative. | Ankylosing spondilitis
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| Basophillic nuclear remnants in RBC's, due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen. Seen in patients with sickle cell, trauma, ITP, splenectomy (immunize these ppl). | Howell-Jolly bodies
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| Basophillic stippling of RBC's | Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia
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| Bloody tap on LP | Subarachnoid hemorrhage: MCC is berry aneurysm, 2nd MCC is A-V malformation.
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| "Boot shaped" heart on x-ray | Tetrology of Fallot, RVH
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| Branching gram +'ve rods with sulfur granules | Actinomyces israelii
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| Bronchogenic apical lung tumor; can compress sympathetic ganglion and cause Horner's syndrome. | Pancoast's tumor
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| "Brown" tumor of bone, cysts or hemorrhage into bone. Hemorrhage (hemosiderin) causes brown color of osteolytic cysts. Due to: | 1. Hyperparathyroidism (takes Ca2+ from bone)
2. Osteitis fibrosis cystica (von Recklinghausen's disease of bone AKA NFT type I)
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| Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy, megacolon, megaesophagus. | Chaga's disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi
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| Cellular crescents in Bowman's capsule | RPGN
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| "Chocolate cysts" of ovary, frequently bilateral. Also in peritoneum ("gun powder" stain in peritoneum) | Endometriosis
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| Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale nerofibrils. Associated with neuroblastoma, medduloblastoma, and Ewing's sarcoma. | Homer Wright rosettes
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| Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs, CFTR mutation in Caucasians resulting in fat-soluble vitamin deficiency and mucous plugs. | Cystic Fribrosis
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| Degeneration of dorsal column nerves (cuneatus, gracilus) | Tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphillis)
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| Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra. Decreased DA, decreased melanin. Basal ganglia disorder: rigidity (cogwheel), resting tremor, bradykinesia[paucity] ) | Parkinson's disease
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| Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum. Seen in bronchial asthma ; can result in whorled mucous plugs. | Curschmann's spirals
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| Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophillic fluid. Seen in granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary. | Call-Exner bodies
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| Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia. Finding in HPV: predisposes to cervical cancer (16, 18), perinuclear cytoplasmic clearing. | Koilocytes
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| Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies; Cowdry A | Owl's eys appearance of CMV
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| Enlarged thyroid cells with ground-glass nuclei; papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. | "Orphan Annie" eye nuclei
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| Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cells; associated with alcoholic liver disease. | Mallory bodies
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| Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell. Seen in Parkinson's disease. | Lewy body
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| Eosinophilic globule in liver. Seen in viral hepatitis, often yellow fever. | Councilman body
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| Eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal nerve cells | Negri bodies of Rabies virus (Lyssavirus)
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| Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain. Seen in Alzheimer's disease. | Senile plaques
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| Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions (owl's eye). Seen with Hodgkin's lymphoma. | Reed-Sturnberg cells
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| Glomerulus-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells; Seen in yolk sac tumor. | Schiller-Duval bodies
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| "Hair-on-end" (crew-cut) appearance on x-ray, marrow expansion | Beta-thalassema, sicke cell anemia
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| hCG elevated | Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole (w/ w/out): precursor to choriocarcinoma.
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| Heart nodules (inflammatory). Seen with rheumatic fever. Focal myocardial inflammation with MNGC | Aschoff bodies
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