Lesson 27/Musculoskeletal System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| LCL, MCL, ACL | lateral collateral ligament, medial collateral ligament, anterior cruciate ligament
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| LLE, LUE, RLE, RUE | left lower extremity, left upper extremity, right lower extremity, right upper extremity
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| /alis | relating to
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| /ate | that which is, chemical noun ending
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| /clast | breaker or absorber
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| /clisis | closure, surgical fusion (also /kleisis or /cleisis)
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| /desis | surgical fusion or fixation
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| /emesis, /emetic | vomiting
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| /i | adjective form of /um, plural form of /us
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| /ion | the act of
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| /lucent, lucency | transmits light, a white spot on an x-ray
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| /or (noun) | one that
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| /sity, /city | the state of
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| /ular | relating to
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| /valgus, valgus | bent outward
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| /varus, varus | bent inward
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| /version | turned or a turning
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| acetabul/o | vinegar cup
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| acet/o | vinegar
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| Achilles tendon | heel tendon (tendo calcaneous)
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| acromion | lateral end of the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade)
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| actin/o | ray
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| adhes/o, adher/o | stuck to
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| aerobic, anaerobic | living with oxygen, living without oxygen
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| alveol/o | alveolus, alveoli (as it relates to MS system-portion of bone surrounding and supporting teeth)
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| ambulat/o | walking
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| amphi/ (pr. afee) | both sides, around or about, double
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| ankyl/o | stiff, fused
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| ap/ | ad/combined with p
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| articul/o | jointed
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| audit/o | ear or hearing
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| bone parts | diaphysis, metaphysis, epiphysis, medullary canal, periosteal membrane
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| calc/o | calcium
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| calcane/o | calcaneous (relating to heel bone)
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| campt/o | bent
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| canals | haversion canals, Volkmann's canals (allow blood and nerve supply to bone)
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| cancell/o | lattice (inner part of bone that has a spongy structure filled with marrow)
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| canalicul/o | little canal
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| capit/o | head, capitate
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| capitulum | rounded articular extremity of a bone
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| circum | around
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| clas/o, clasia | destruction, fracture, surgical fracture
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| cleid/o | clavicle
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| coccyge/o | coccyx, coxa
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| concha, conchae | shell-shaped bone
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| condyl/o | knuckle
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| congenital disease types | minimus, imperfecta, tarda, maximus, occulta
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| contracture | Dupuytren's, Volkmann's (loss of muscular balance, loss of motion)
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| crepitation | noise or vibration caused by rubbing bone or irregular cartilage together
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| cribriform plate | bone lying behind nasal cavity through which smell travels to brain
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| crista galli | attachment for the dural membrane lining the skull
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| cruciat/o | crossed
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| cyst | Baker's, bone
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| di/, dipl/o | twice, used instead of bi/ for chemical names
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| diploe |
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| dis/ | reversal or seperation, twice
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| disease | Paget's (or osteitis deformans), Hansen's, Albers-Schonberg, Legg-Calve-Perthes, Osgood-Schlatter
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| dorsi/ | in a dorsal direction
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| e/ | ex/, outward
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| equin/o | horse, walking on toes like a horse
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| fibul/o | fibula
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| flaccid | relaxed, flabby or without tone
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| fontanelle | anterior fontanelle, posterior fontanelle
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| fracture | comminuted, greenstick, compression, Barton's, Colles'
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| gangli/o | knot, ganglion
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| genu | knee
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| glen/o | shoulder, glenoid
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| gout | metabolic disorder characterized by raised blood uric acid which causes severe arthritis (more common in men, usually inherited)
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| hallux | great toe
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| hamart/o | defect in tissue
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| hamat/o | hooked, hamate, or uncinate bone
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| humer/o | humerus
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| hyster/o | uterus
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| idiosyncratic | relating to a mental, behavioral, or physical peculiarity or abnormal reaction to a drug
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| infarct, infarction | an area or dead tissue resulting from sudden insufficiency of blood supply
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| kyph/o | hump
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| lacrim/o | tear
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| lacun/o | lake, lacuna, lacunae
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| lamell/o | little layer, lamella, lamellae
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| lepramat/o | leprosy (Hansen's disease)
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| lig/a | ligament
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| lord/o | concavity, hollow area
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| lun/o | moon or moon-shaped
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| luxat/o | slipped, dislocated
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| malle/o, malleol/o | hammer, little hammer
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| manubri/o | manubrium
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| mast/o | breast or breast-shaped, mastoid process or sinus
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| MCP, metacarpal-phalangeal, MTP, metatarsal- phalangeal | also metacarpophalangeal, metatarsalphalangel
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| meat/o | hole or canal opening
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| menisc/o | meniscus, crescent
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| menopaus/o | menopause
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| myci/o, mysi/o | muscle
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| navicul/o | little boat, navicular
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| nidus | nucleus or central point of origin of a nerve
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| oblique | slantin; deviating from the planes of the body
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| obturator | any structure that obstructs an opening
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| odont/o | tooth or teeth, tooth-shaped
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| olecranon | elbow bone, point of elbow
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| palatine | relating to the palate (the bony and muscular partition between the oral and nasal cavities)
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| pannus | a membrane of granulation tissue covering a normal surface (as in rheumatoid arthritus and other diseases)
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| perone/o | peroneal tendon or nerve in leg
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| phalang/o | phalanx, phalanges
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| pigment/o | colored
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| poikil/o, poiekyl/o | mottled
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| process, processes | styloid, zygomatic, mastoid, palatine
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| pronat/o | turn toward prone postion
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| quadr/i, quadr/u | four or fourths
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| RA | rheutoid arthritis
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| ramus, rami | one of the primary divisions of a nerve or blood vessel or pa part of an irregularly shaped bone
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| rheumat/o | watery discharge, rheumatic condition
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| rickets | bone disease due to vitamin D deficiency that causes bone deformities
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| /lemma | husk, membrane covering muscles and nerves
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| sciatica | pain in lower back and hip radiating down back of thigh and into leg caused by herniated lumbar disc (not by nerve dysfunction as previously thought)
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| scoli/o | curved
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| sella turcica | Turkish saddle
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| sequestr/o | separated
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| sin/o, sinus/o | sinus, a cavity
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| sinus | sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, mastoid
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| snuffbox | (anatomic snuffbox) A hollow seen on the radial aspect of the wrist when the thumb is extended fully
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| supinat/o | turn toward supine position
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| syndrome | Albright's, Marfan, Reiter's, carpal tunnel
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| erg/o | work
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| tal/o | talus, heel
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| taliped, talipes | club-foot
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| tempor/o | timely, temporalis bone
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| ten/o, tendin/o | tendon
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| tophi | (pl. of tophus) A salivary calculus, or tartar
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| trapezi/o | trapezius muscle
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| trochant/o, trochanter/o | runner, part of femur
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| trochle/o | pulley
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| tuber/o | bulge, like a root
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| uln/o | ulna
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| vertebral levels | cervical=C1-C7 or C1-7, thoracic-T1-T12 or T1-12, lumbar=L1-L5 or L1-5
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| xiphoid | sword-shaped
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| zygomatic/o, zyg/o | junction, zygooma bone
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