Final Review
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| The goal of science | To investigate and understand nature, to explain events in nature, and to use those explanations to make useful predictions.
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| Science | An organized wayi of using evdience to learn about the natural world.
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| Observation | Involves using one or more of the senses to gather information.
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| Info from observation | data
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| Quantitative observations | numbers
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| Qualitative observations | Characteristics that cannot be easily measured or counted.
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| Inference | a logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience
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| Hypothesis | A possible explanation for a set of observations or an answer to a scientific question.
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| A hypothesis must be | testable
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| Spontaneous generation | The idea that life can arise from nonliving matter
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| Redi's hypothesis | Flies produced maggots
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| An experiment should only test... | one variable at a time
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| Variables | factors in an experiment that can change
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| Controlled experiment | only one variable is changed at a time
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| MV | purposely changed
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| RV | changes because of the mv and is measured
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| Why can experimental results be reproduced? | Scientists believe that nature behaves in a consistent manner
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| data from a controlled experiment is used | to evalutate the hypothesis and to draw a conclusion
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| Leeuwenhoek | discovered microscopic life in rainwater, pondwater, and dust
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| Needham | concluded spontaneous generation did occur because after boiling gravy, more microrganisms came into the gravy
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| Spallazani | Did Needham's experiment with an open and sealed flask
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| Pasteur | settled the argument with the flask with the curved neck
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| Theory | A hypothesis that is extremely well supported
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| Biology | Living world science
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| Cell | Collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings.
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| Smallest unit that can be considered alive | yup
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| Multicellular organism | contains trillions of cells
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| Living things are based on a universal | genetic code (DNA)
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| An organinism needs a constant supply of materials | to grow, develop, and reproduce
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| Homeostasis | process by which organisms keep their internal conditions relatively stable.
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| Evolve | change over time
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| ethologist | studies animal behavior
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| largest level of bio study | biosphere
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| Why do scientists need a common measurement system | to replicate each others experiments
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| Metric system | system scientists use - decimal system of measurement whose units are based on certain physical standards and based on multiples of ten
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| Microscopes | produce magnified images
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| Compound light microscope | allows light to pass through a specimen and uses two lenses to form an image
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| Chemical stains | highlight specific structures in the cell
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| 2 types of electron microscopes | TEM and SEM
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| TEM | shines a beam of electrons through a specimen
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| SEM | runs a beam back and forth which "scans" the specimen
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| cell culture | group of cells grown in a nutrient solution from a signel original cell
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| cell fractionation | separates on part of a cell from the rest
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| follow instructions | (blank)
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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