Key Terms
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Altitude | Height of an object in the atmosphere above sea level
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| Atlas | A bound collection of maps
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| Basin | Area surrounded by higher land
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| Boundary | Shared border between two places
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| Bay | A body of water partly surrounded by land and partly open to a larger body of water
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| Canal | Narrow waterway built for irrigation or navigation
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| Canyon | Deep valley with steep sides carved by a river
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| Capital | City where the government of a country or state is located
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| Coastline | Edge where a continent meets an ocean, gulf or sea
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| Continent | One of the seven largest land areas on earth
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| Country | Land with one government
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| Delta | Body of land at the mouth of a river, often shaped like a triangle
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| Desert | Dry natural region with little rain and few plants
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| Equator | Imaginary line at 0 degrees latitude that divides the earth into Northern and Southern Hemisphere
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| Glacier | Large, slow-moving mass of ice
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| Globe | A model of the earth that correctly represents areas, relative size and shape of physical features, distances, and directions
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| Gulf | Large area of ocean or sea partly surrounded by land
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| Hemisphere | Any half of the earth
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| Hill | Landform that is higher than the land around it but not as high as a mountain
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| Island | Body of land that is completely surrounded by water
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| Lake | Body of water that is completely surrounded by land
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| Latitiude | Distance north or south of the Equator, measured in degrees
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| Longitude | Distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, measured in degrees
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| Map | A picture of a place that is usually drawn to scale
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| Meridian | Line of longitude
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| Mountain | High landform, larger and taller than a hill, with either a sharp peak or a rounded top
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| North Pole | Imaginary point that is farther north than any other place on earth
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| Ocean | One of the five largest bodies of water on earth
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| Parallel | A line of latitude
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| Peninsula | Body of land that is almost surrounded by water
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| Plain | Broad area of land that is gently rolling or almost flat
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| Plateau | Vast, high area of land that is mostly level
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| Region | Large area that is different from the areas around it
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| Reservoir | Artificial lake that forms behind a dam on a river
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| River | Long, narrow body of water that flows downhill
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| Sea | Part of an ocean, or any large inland body of salt water
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| State | Part of a country with laws and leaders of its own
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| Strait | Narrow body of water connecting two larger bodies of water
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| Territory | Part of a country that does not have the full rights of a state
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| Valley | Low area between mountains
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| Weather | Temperature, rain, wind and other conditions of the air outside
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| Arctic Circle | An imaginary circle at latitude 66 degrees 30'N, around the North Pole
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| Antarctic Circle | An imaginary circle at latitude 66 degrees 30'S, around the South Pole
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| Butte | A flat-topped rock or hill formation with steep sides
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| Cape | A pointed piece of land that sticks out into a sea, ocean, lake, or river
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| Cartography | The study and construction of maps
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| Channel | A narrow body of water that connects two larger bodies of water (like the English Channel). A channel is also a part of a river or harbor that is deep enough to let ships sail through.
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| Cave | A large hole in the ground or in the side of a hill or mountain
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| Cliff | A steep face of rock and soil
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| Compass Rose | A design on a map that shows direction. It points which way is north, south, east, west, and some intermediate directions on the map.
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| Cove | A small, horseshoe-shaped body of water along the coast; the water is surrounded by land formed of soft rock.
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| Dune | A hill or ridge made of sand. Dunes are shaped by the wind and change all the time.
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| Estuary | Where a river meets the sea or ocean
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| Geyser | A natural hot spring that occasionally sprays water and steam above the ground
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| Landmark | A monument or some prominent object (like a mountain or lake) that is used to designate a place and determine one's location
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| Marsh | A type of freshwater, brackish water or saltwater wetland that is found along rivers, ponds, lakes and coasts
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| Oasis | A place in the desert that has water and is fertile
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| Pond | A small body of water surrounded by land and smaller than a lake
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| Prairie | A wide, relatively flat area of land that has grasses and only a few trees
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| Range | A chain of mountains and/or high elevations
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| Reef | An undersea growth of coral near the surface of the water
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| Swamp | A type of freshwater wetland that has spongy, muddy land and a lot of water. Many trees and shrubs grow here.
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| Tributary | A stream or river that flows into a larger river
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| Volcano | A mountainous vent in the Earth's crust. When it erupts, it spews out lava, ashes, and hot gases from deep inside the Earth.
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| Waterfall | When a river falls off steeply
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| Wetland | An area of land that is often wet; the soil is often low in oxygen. There are many types including swamps and marshes.
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