Plurals & Possessives

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Answer

in order to change the singular forms of most nouns to form the plural

you would add an s to the end

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to change the singular forms of words ending in s, x, ch, sh, or z you would

add es to form the plural

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for nouns ending in y, where the y is preceded by a consonant, you would

change y to i & add es to form the plural

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for nouns ending in y, where the y is preceded by a vowel, you would

just add an s

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when noun ending in o is preceded by a vowel, you would form the plural by

adding s

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singular nouns ending in o preceded by a consonant can take

variable plural forms; consult dictionary

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singular nouns ending in f, ef, or ff, form their plurals by

adding s or changing f or ef to ve & adding s

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nouns whose plurals are formed in unusual ways

irregular forms

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ascites, herpes, & lues are examples of words that are

always singular in usage

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adnexa & genitalia are examples of words that are

always plural in usage

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when words are dictated incorrectly as nouns, when they should be adjectives, you should

recast sentence by using modifying form with its noun

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expressed as separate spaced words, single words, or hyphenated words

compound nouns

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pluralize the __ __ of compound noun as though it stands alone, for single-word compounds

final element

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for spaced/hyphenated compound nouns, pluralize the __ __ of the compound

chief noun

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if compound does not contain a(n) __, pluralize the final element

noun

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form the plurals of compounds ending in __ by adding s

ful

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pluralize surnames by adding s unless

they end in s, x, ch, sh, or z, & you would add es to pluralize

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pluralize proper names by adding s or es based on __ __, be careful to retain original spelling

word ending

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when dictated, pluralized personal titles are

best listed separately

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when multiple diagnoses are dictated, express __ in heading to reflect same, even if singular form of heading dictated

pluralization

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differential diagnosis is always

singular and takes singular verb

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plural of most abbreviations, except __ __ __, is adding s to singular form

units of measure

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plural of uppercase __ by adding s

abbreviations

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form plural of lowercase abbreviations by

adding apostrophe plus s

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add s to form plural of __ forms

brief

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__ numbers expressed as figures are pluralized by adding s

double-digit

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__ numbers are pluralized by adding apostrophe plus s

single-digit

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numbers expressed in __ pluralized by adding s or es

words

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single letters are pluralized by adding

apostrophe plus s

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when referring to common plural of genus

use lowercase letters

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for organisms that do not have common plural, add word __ or __ to genus name to indicate a plural use

species; organisms

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measles, mumps, mathematics, genetics are all examples of

nouns that sound sound plural but are singular in their usage

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do not italicize __ abbreviations, words & phrases used in medical reports

foreign

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for foreign abbreviations, words & phrases used in medical reports always capitalize, punctuate, and space according to

standards of the language of origin

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for foreign abbreviations, words & phrases used in medical reports omit __ __ except in proper names or where current usage retains them

accent marks

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accent marks may be __ in electronic environments, causing document formatting & conversion problems

restricted

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spell out English translation of __ __ when word stands alone

Greek letters

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do not capitalize __ __ of Greek letters

English translation

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when part of an extended term use the Greek letter or

spell it out according to preferred form

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in extended terms, use of hyphen after Greek letter is

optional

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hyphen is __ __ after English translation of Greek letter

not used

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to form plural of medical terms derived from Latin/Greek, for words ending in -en by

changing -en to -ina

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to form plural of medical terms derived from Latin/Greek, for words ending in -a by

adding -e

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to form plural of medical terms derived from Latin/Greek, for words ending in -us by

changing -us to -i

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to form plural of medical terms derived from Latin/Greek, for words ending in -on by

changing -on to -a

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to form plural of medical terms derived from Latin/Greek, for words ending in -is by

changing -is to -es

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to form plural of medical terms derived from Latin/Greek, for words ending in -um by

changing -um to -a

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to form plural of medical terms derived from Latin/Greek, for words ending in -ix or -ex by

changing those endings to -ices

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in plural forms of Latin terms adjective must agree in number, gender, & case with

the noun it modifies

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adjective that may modify either plural/singular noun, depending on meaning

bilateral

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express possession of singular nouns not ending in s by

adding apostrophe plus s to noun

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expression of possession for singular nouns that end in s determined by

pronunciation

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if new syllable formed in pronunciation of possessive noun

add apostrophe plus s to noun

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if new syllable not formed in pronunciation of possessive noun

add apostrophe only

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express possession for nouns that end in s or es by

adding only apostrophe

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express possession of irregular plural nouns, those that do not end in s or es, by

adding 's

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express possession of persona or organizational name that ends in abbreviation, number, or prepositional phrase by adding

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when organizational name/title contains words that can be interpreted as either possessive/descriptive, use 's if

term is singular possessive noun or irregular plural noun

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when organizational name/title contains words that can be interpreted as either possessive/descriptive, do not use ' if

term is descriptive plural that does not imply ownership/possession

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express possession of __ __ nouns by adding 's

singular compound

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express possession of plural __ __ by first forming plural; add ' if plural form ends in s; add 's if plural form does not already end in s

compound nouns

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you should consider recasting sentence to avoid possessive plural forms that

do not end in s

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express possession of personal pronouns by

selecting possessive form for each

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express possession of indefinite pronouns by adding apostrophe and s, w/exception of

those pronouns that do not have possessive forms

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express possession of __ __ by adding apostrophe plus s

singular abbreviations

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express possession of plural abbreviations by adding

s plus apostrophe

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ADHI advocates dropping __ forms of eponyms

possessive

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when noun following eponym is omitted,

possessive form is preferred

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when 2/more individuals are used to show separate possession

express each possession with each individual

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using the word __, when 2/more individuals are used to show separate possession, stresses separate possession

the

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express joint possession by 2/more individuals by adding apostrophe plus s to

final name alone

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when noun that is modified is __ but not expressed, express possessive as though noun were included

implied

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do not express possession with inanimate objects, instead use __ __ to express relationship

prepositional phrase

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inanimate possessive phrases that have become expressive phrases in vernacular, retain

possessive expression

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possessive phrases that refer to time, measurement, or money should

retain their possessive expressions

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use possessive form of noun/pronoun modifying

gerund

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recast prepositional phrases beginning with of that contain

possessive nouns/pronouns to avoid awkward phrasing

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it is acceptable to retain possessive object of preposition of when it is

someone's name

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Created by: lfrancois

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