MT Ch 12 Integumentary System
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| epidermis | the thin outer layer of the skin
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| dermis | located under the epidermis, contains accessory structures of the integumentary system
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| adipose | fatty layer
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| pilomotor muscles | cause erection of the hairs of the skin in response to a chilly environment, emotional stimulus, or skin irritation
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| sudoriferous glands | sweat glands
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| sebum | oily substance produced by sebaceous glands
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| lesion | any visible, localized abnormality of the skin, such as a wound, rash or sore
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| nodule | marble-like, solid lesion more than 1 cm wide and deep
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| cyst | sac filled with fluid or semi-solid material
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| macule | small nonraised (freckle)
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| papule | elevated lesion less than 1 cm (mole)
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| plaques | eleveated and circular patches more than 1 cm in diameter (dandruff)
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| vessicle | blisters less than 1 cm and filled with clear fluid
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| bullae | blisters greater than 1 cm and filled with clear fluid
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| pustules | vesicles filled with cloudy fluid or pus
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| wheals | elevated and irregularly shaped lesions often seen in allergic reactions (hives)
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| Atrophy | thinning of the skin with the loss of skin markings (stretch mark)
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| Ulcers | deep, irregular erosions that extend into the dermis
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| Fissure | linear cracks in the epidermis (Athlete's Foot)
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| Keloid | excessive overgrowth of unsightly scar tissue
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| laceration | torn, jagged wound
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| incision | smooth-edged wound produced by a sharp instrument
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| aseptic | free of pahtogenic organisms (disease causing germs)
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| abrasion | skin is scraped or rubbed away by friction
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| contusion | caused by a blow to the body that does not break the skin (bruise)
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| skin graft | skin is implanted to cover areas where skin has been lost
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| Superficial burn | first degree, only epidermis, red, no immediate blisters
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| deep partial-thickness burn | second degree, extends into dermis, red and moist, blistered
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| full thickness | third degree, throughout the dermis and third degree, epidermis, sometimes into the subcutaneous layer, hard, dry and leathery, whit, deep red, yellow, brown to black
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| Deep full thickness | fourth degree, no skin layers remain, underlying bone and muscle are damaged, wound is blackened and depressed, muscle and bone are exposed
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| abcess | a cavity that contains pus caused by an infectious microorganism and surrounded by inflamed tissue
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| albinism | an absence of normal pigmentation, present at birth
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| cellulitis | an acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue characterized most commonly by local heat, redness, pain and swelling
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| cyanosis | a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes
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| dermatitis | an inflammatory condition of the skin
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| discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) | chronic disorder, primarily of the skin, characterized by lesions that are covered with scales (reddish facial "butterfly" rash)
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| frostbite | damage to skin, tissues and blood vessels as a result of proloned exposure to cold
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| furuncle | boil, localized skin infection originating in a gland or hair follicle
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| hypopigmentation | unusual lack of skin color
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| ichthyosis | skin that is dry and scaly, resembling fish skin
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| lipoma | a benign tumor consisting of mature fat cells
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| malignant | melanoma skin cancer, composed of melanocytes
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| mycodermatitis | inflammation of skin caused by a fungus
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| necrosis | death of areas of damaged or diseased tissue or bone surrounded by healthy tissue
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| onychomycosis | fungal infection of the nail
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| pediculosis | lice
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| petechiae | tiny purple or red spots appearing on the skin as a result of tiny hemorrhages withing dermal or submucosal layers (hickey)
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| ungual | pertaining to the nail
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| Adipose | fatty subcutaneous layer of fat that serves as insulation and a cushion against shock. Below dermis
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| integument | skin or external covering of the body
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