renal
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| Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) | Nitrogen, in the form of urea, in the blood
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| Creatinine | A component of urine and the final product of creatine catabolism
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| Creatinine clearance test | A mathematical calculation of the total amount of creatinine excreted in the urine over a period of time, usually 24 hours to test renal failure
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| Cystoscopy | The inspection of the interior of the bladder by means of an endoscope
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| Intravenous pyelogram (Intravenous urogram) | Radiography of kidneys, ureters, and bladder following injection of contrast medium into a peripheral vein
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| Kidneys-Ureter-Bladder (KUB) | X-ray of the abdomen to visualize kidneys, ureters, and bladder
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| Renal angiogram | Radiography of vessels in the kidneys after the injection of a radiopaque contrast material
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| Renal arteriogram | Visualization of an artery or arteries of the kidneys by x-ray imaging after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium
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| Retrograde pyelogram (urogram) | Radiography of the urinary tract following injection of contrast medium directly into the bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis
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| Scout film | A radiograph exposed before contrast medium is given, such as the preliminary film for an angiogram, urogram, or barium-contrast gastrointestinal examination
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| Urinalysis | Analysis of the urine content
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| Urine Culture & Sensitivity | Used for the cultivation, isolation, identification of microorganisms from urine specimen and determining which antimicrobial medication they will respond to for treatment
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| Voiding cystourethrogram | An x-ray image made during voiding with the bladder and urethra filled with contrast medium to demonstrate the urethra
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| Analgesic | A drug that relieves pain
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| Antibiotic | A drug that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms
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| Antispasmodic | A drug that relieves spasm
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| Continent urostomy | An internal reservoir construed from a segment of the intestines that diverts urine through an opening that is brought through the abdominal wall, a valve is created internally to prevent leakage and patient empties the pounch by catheterization
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| Diuretic | Drug that increases the secretion of urine
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| Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy | Procedure using ultrasound outside the body to bombard and disintegrate a stone within the body
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| Intracorporeal lithotripsy | The crushing of a stone in the renal pelvis, ureter, or bladder by mechanical force or sound waves originating from an instrument within the body
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| Kidney dialysis | Methods of filtering impurities from the blood, replacing the function of one or both kidneys
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| Nephrectomy | Surgical removal of a kidney
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| Nephrolithotomy | Incision into the kidney for the removal of a renal calculus
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| Nephrorrhaphy | Nephropexy by suturing the kidney
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| Nephrotomy | Incision into the kidney
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| Non-continent ileal conduit | Removal of portion of ileum to use as a channel to which ureters are attached at one end and the other end is a stoma on the abdomen; urine drains continually into external bag
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| Orthotopic bladder | Bladder constructed from portions of intestine connected to the urethra
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| Pyeloplasty | Surgical reconstruction of the kidney pelvis to correct an obstuction
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| Resectoscope | A special endoscopic instrument for the transurethral electrosurgical removal of lesions involving the bladder, prostate gland, or urethra
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| Stent placement | Slender thread, rod, or catheter, lying within the lumen of ureter, used to provide support during or after anastomosis, or to assure patency of an intact but contracted lumen
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| Urinary catheterization | Methods of placing a tube into the bladder to drain or collect urine
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