infection control for fundamentals
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| basic principles of surgical asepsis | -only sterile touches sterile or sterile field.
-if sterile field or supply is out of site it is contaminated.
-anything below the waist is contaminated.
-one inch edge of sterile field is contaminated.
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| sterile techniques used in this type of asepsis | surgical asepsis
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| when should hand washing be done? | -after skin contact
-after body fluid contact
-before invasive procedure
-after removing gloves
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| clean technique procedures used to reduce amount of bio organisms | medical asepsis
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| isolation guidelines state a patients room will stay in isolation for how long after patient is no longer in the room | 1 hour of room isolation
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| isolation guidelines: contact precautions | -standard precautions
-face mask
-gown
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| isolation guidelines: droplet precautions | -standard precautions
-face mask
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| isolation guidelines: airborne precautions | -standard precautions
-fitted face mask
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| isolation guidelines: standard precautions | -wash hands when entering room
-use gloves
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| when are standard precautions used? | every patient is handled with this precaution
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| isolation equipment | -gloves
-mask
-gown
-face shield / eyewear
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| are isolation guidlines | -equipment
-standard precautions
-airborne precautions
-droplet precautions
-contact precautions
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| risk factors for nosocomial infection | -number of care givers
-length of stay
-type/number of invasive procedures
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| nosocomial infections | hospital aquired infection
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| signs and symptoms of infection | -local: pain, swelling, redness, heat at sight.
-systemic: fever,malaise, leukocytosis,anorexia, n/v and lymph node enlargement.
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| edema | swelling
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| systemic | in blood
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| malaise | general feeling of fatigue and bodily unease
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| general risk factors of infection | -degree of resisrtance
-age
-multiple medical procedures
-stress
-disease
-medications
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| host defense support | -adequate nutrition
-good hygiene
-rest and exercise
-reduction of stress
-immunization
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| types of body defenses | -sneezing
-coughing
-diarherra
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| inflammation | body's response to injury or infection.
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| normal flora | natural/regular flora/bio organisms inside and outside of the body
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| modes of transmission | -indirect contact
-direct contact
-air (small particles)
-droplet (larger particles)
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| portals of exit/entry | -skin and mucosa
-respiratory tract
-g.i. tract
-urinary tract
-reproductive tract
-blood
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| chain of infection: reservoir of growth | -o2:aerobic v. anaerobic
-water: moist
-temp.: warm
-pH: alkaline
-light: dark
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| chain of infection: infectious agent | infectious agent must:
-have sufficiant number of organisms
-virulence
-must enter and survive in the host
-host must be vulnerable to agent
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| communicable | contagious
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| infection | invasion of a host by an infectious agent that replicates and survives in the tissue of the host
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| virulence | ability to produce disease
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| PPE | personal protection equipment
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| amount of organisms in the gi tract | 750 trillion organisms residing
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| akronym for white blood cells | wbc
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| local infection | an infection involving bacteria that invade the body at a specific point and remain there, multiplying, until eliminated.
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